BACKGROUND Bisphenol A is well known endocrine-disrupting chemical while Bisphenol S was considered a safe alternative. The present study aims to examine the comparative effects of xenobiotic bisphenol-A (BPA) and its substitute bisphenol-S (BPS) on spermatogenesis and development of sexually dimorphic nucleus population of dopaminergic neurons in the anteroventral periventricular nucleus (AVPV) of the hypothalamus in male pups. METHODS Sprague Dawley rat's pups were administered subcutaneously at the neonatal stage from postnatal day PND1 to PND 27. Thirty animals were divided into six experimental groups (6 animals/group). The first group served as control and was provided with normal olive oil. The four groups were treated with 2 μg/kg and 200 μg/kg of BPA and BPS, respectively. The sixth group was given with 50 μg/kg of estradiol dissolved in olive oil as a standard to find the development of dopaminergic tyrosine hydroxylase neurons in AVPV regions. Histological analysis for testicular tissues and immunohistochemistry for brain tissues was performed. RESULTS The results revealed adverse histopathological changes in testis after administration of different doses of BPA and BPS. These degenerative changes were marked by highly significant (p < 0.001) decrease in tubular and luminal diameters of seminiferous tubule and epithelial height among bisphenols treated groups as compared to control. Furthermore, significantly increased (p < 0.001) TH-ir cell bodies in the AVPV region of the brain with 200 μg/kg dose of BPA and BPS was evident. CONCLUSION It is concluded that exposure of BPA and BPS during a critical developmental period can structural impairments in testes and affects sexual differentiation of a dimorphic dopaminergic population of AVPV region of hypothalamus in the male brain.

中文翻译：

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环境污染物双酚A和双酚S对前房室周围核的性别分化和生精的比较研究。

背景技术双酚A是众所周知的破坏内分泌的化学物质，而双酚S被认为是安全的选择。本研究旨在探讨异种双酚A（BPA）及其替代物双酚S（BPS）对下丘脑前腹腔室周围核（AVPV）多巴胺能神经元性双态性核群精子发生和发育的比较作用。雄性幼崽。方法从出生后第一天PND1至PND 27，在新生阶段皮下注射Sprague Dawley大鼠的幼崽。将30只动物分为六个实验组（每组6只动物）。第一组作为对照组，并提供普通橄榄油。四组分别用2μg/ kg和200μg/ kg的BPA和BPS进行治疗。第六组以溶于橄榄油中的雌二醇50μg/ kg为标准，以发现AVPV地区多巴胺能酪氨酸羟化酶神经元的发育。进行睾丸组织的组织学分析和脑组织的免疫组织化学分析。结果结果显示，不同剂量的BPA和BPS给药后，睾丸组织病理学变化不利。这些退化性变化的特征是，与对照相比，双酚治疗组的曲细精管的小管和管腔直径以及上皮高度显着降低（p <0.001）。此外，用200μg/ kg剂量的BPA和BPS可以显着增加大脑的AVPV区域中的TH-ir细胞体（p <0.001）。