The incidence of lung cancer continues to rise worldwide. Because the aggressive metastasis of lung cancer cells is the major drawback of successful therapies, the crucial challenge of modern nanomedicine is to develop diagnostic tools to map the molecular mechanisms of metastasis in lung cancer patients. In recent years, microfluidic platforms have been given much attention as tools for novel point-of-care diagnostic, an important aspect being the reconstruction of the body organs and tissues mimicking the in vivo conditions in one simple microdevice. Herein, we present the first comprehensive overview of the microfluidic systems used as innovative tools in the studies of lung cancer metastasis including single cancer cell analysis, endothelial transmigration, distant niches migration and finally neoangiogenesis. The application of the microfluidic systems to study the intercellular crosstalk between lung cancer cells and surrounding tumor microenvironment and the connection with multiple molecular signals coming from the external cellular matrix are discussed. We also focus on recent breakthrough technologies regarding lab-on-chip devices that serve as tools for detecting circulating lung cancer cells. The superiority of microfluidic systems over traditional in vitro cell-based assays with regard to modern nanosafety studies and new cancer drug design and discovery is also addressed. Finally, the current progress and future challenges regarding printable and paper-based microfluidic devices for personalized nanomedicine are summarized.

中文翻译：

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用于研究肺癌转移模式的微流控技术

全球肺癌的发病率持续上升。由于肺癌细胞的侵袭性转移是成功疗法的主要缺点，因此现代纳米医学的关键挑战是开发诊断工具以绘制肺癌患者转移分子机制的图谱。近年来，作为新颖的即时诊断的工具，微流体平台受到了广泛关注，一个重要方面是在一个简单的微型设备中模拟体内条件的人体器官和组织的重建。本文中，我们首次全面概述了微流体系统，将其用作肺癌转移研究中的创新工具，包括单癌细胞分析，内皮细胞迁移，远处壁ches迁移以及最后的新生血管生成。讨论了微流控系统在研究肺癌细胞与周围肿瘤微环境之间的细胞间串扰以及与来自外部细胞基质的多种分子信号之间的联系的应用。我们还专注于有关片上实验室设备的最新突破性技术，这些技术可作为检测循环肺癌细胞的工具。在现代纳米安全性研究以及新的癌症药物设计和发现方面，微流控系统相对于传统的基于体外细胞的检测方法的优越性也得到了解决。最后，总结了用于个性化纳米医学的可打印和基于纸张的微流控设备的当前进展和未来挑战。