Among all the stromal cells that present in the tumor microenvironment, cancer-associated fibroblasts (CAFs) are one of the most abundant and critical components of the tumor mesenchyme, which not only provide physical support for tumor cells but also play a key role in promoting and retarding tumorigenesis in a context-dependent manner. CAFs have also been involved in the modulation of many components of the immune system, and recent studies have revealed their roles in immune evasion and poor responses to cancer immunotherapy. In this review, we describe our current understanding of the tumorigenic significance, origin, and heterogeneity of CAFs, as well as the roles of different CAFs subtypes in distinct immune cell types. More importantly, we highlight potential therapeutic strategies that target CAFs to unleash the immune system against the tumor.

中文翻译：

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癌症相关的成纤维细胞：抗癌免疫疗法的新兴目标。

在肿瘤微环境中存在的所有基质细胞中，与癌症相关的成纤维细胞（CAF）是肿瘤间充质的最丰富和关键的成分之一，不仅为肿瘤细胞提供物理支持，而且在促进肿瘤细胞中起关键作用并以上下文相关的方式延缓肿瘤的发生。CAF也参与了免疫系统许多成分的调节，最近的研究表明它们在免疫逃逸和对癌症免疫疗法反应不良中的作用。在这篇综述中，我们描述了我们目前对CAF的致癌意义，起源和异质性的理解，以及不同CAF亚型在不同免疫细胞类型中的作用。更重要的是，