Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is the most common form of acute leukemia in adults, with an incidence that increases with age, and a generally poor prognosis. The disease is clinically and genetically heterogeneous, and recent advances have improved our understanding of the cytogenetic abnormalities and molecular mutations, aiding in prognostication and risk stratification. Until recently, however, therapeutic options were mostly limited to cytotoxic chemotherapy. Since 2017, there has been an explosion of newly approved treatment options both nationally and internationally, with the majority of new drugs targeting specific gene mutations and/or pivotal cell survival pathways. In this review article, we will discuss these new agents approved for the treatment of AML within the last 2 years, and will outline the mechanistic features and clinical trials that led to their approvals.

中文翻译：

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最近批准治疗急性髓系白血病的药物。

急性髓系白血病（AML）是成人中最常见的急性白血病，发病率随着年龄的增长而增加，预后通常较差。该疾病在临床和遗传上具有异质性，最近的进展提高了我们对细胞遗传学异常和分子突变的理解，有助于预测和风险分层。然而，直到最近，治疗选择大多仅限于细胞毒性化疗。自 2017 年以来，国内外新批准的治疗方案激增，大多数新药针对特定基因突变和/或关键细胞生存途径。在这篇综述文章中，我们将讨论过去两年内批准用于治疗 AML 的这些新药，并概述导致其批准的机制特征和临床试验。