BACKGROUND The associations between cardiovascular disease (CVD) risk factors and the biventricular geometry of the right ventricle (RV) and left ventricle (LV) have been difficult to assess, due to subtle and complex shape changes. We sought to quantify reference RV morphology as well as biventricular variations associated with common cardiovascular risk factors. METHODS A biventricular shape atlas was automatically constructed using contours and landmarks from 4329 UK Biobank cardiovascular magnetic resonance (CMR) studies. A subdivision surface geometric mesh was customized to the contours using a diffeomorphic registration algorithm, with automatic correction of slice shifts due to differences in breath-hold position. A reference sub-cohort was identified consisting of 630 participants with no CVD risk factors. Morphometric scores were computed using linear regression to quantify shape variations associated with four risk factors (high cholesterol, high blood pressure, obesity and smoking) and three disease factors (diabetes, previous myocardial infarction and angina). RESULTS The atlas construction led to an accurate representation of 3D shapes at end-diastole and end-systole, with acceptable fitting errors between surfaces and contours (average error less than 1.5 mm). Atlas shape features had stronger associations than traditional mass and volume measures for all factors (p < 0.005 for each). High blood pressure was associated with outward displacement of the LV free walls, but inward displacement of the RV free wall and thickening of the septum. Smoking was associated with a rounder RV with inward displacement of the RV free wall and increased relative wall thickness. CONCLUSION Morphometric relationships between biventricular shape and cardiovascular risk factors in a large cohort show complex interactions between RV and LV morphology. These can be quantified by z-scores, which can be used to study the morphological correlates of disease.

中文翻译：

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右心室形状和功能：英国生物银行的心血管磁共振参考形态和双心室危险因素形态测量。


背景由于微妙而复杂的形状变化，心血管疾病（CVD）危险因素与右心室（RV）和左心室（LV）的双心室几何形状之间的关联很难评估。我们试图量化参考右心室形态以及与常见心血管危险因素相关的双心室变化。方法 使用来自 4329 项英国生物银行心血管磁共振 (CMR) 研究的轮廓和界标自动构建双心室形状图谱。使用微分同胚配准算法将细分表面几何网格定制为轮廓，并自动校正由于屏气位置差异而导致的切片移位。确定了一个由 630 名没有 CVD 危险因素的参与者组成的参考子队列。使用线性回归计算形态评分，以量化与四种危险因素（高胆固醇、高血压、肥胖和吸烟）和三种疾病因素（糖尿病、既往心肌梗死和心绞痛）相关的形状变化。结果图谱构建可准确表示舒张末期和收缩末期的 3D 形状，表面和轮廓之间的拟合误差可接受（平均误差小于 1.5 毫米）。对于所有因素，图集形状特征都比传统的质量和体积测量具有更强的关联性（每个因素的 p < 0.005）。高血压与左心室游离壁向外移位有关，但与右心室游离壁向内移位和隔膜增厚有关。吸烟与右心室变圆、右心室游离壁向内移位以及相对壁厚度增加有关。 结论 在一个大型队列中，双心室形状与心血管危险因素之间的形态测量关系显示出右心室和左心室形态之间复杂的相互作用。这些可以通过 z 分数进行量化，可用于研究疾病的形态相关性。