BACKGROUND Insufficient physical activity, short sleep duration, and excessive recreational screen time are increasing globally. Currently, there are little to no data describing prevalences and correlates of movement behaviours among children in low-middle-income countries. The few available reports do not include both urban and rural respondents, despite the large proportion of rural populations in low-middle-income countries. We compared the prevalence of meeting 24-h movement guidelines and examined correlates of meeting the guidelines in a sample of urban and rural Mozambican schoolchildren. METHODS This is cross-sectional study of 9-11 year-old children (n = 683) recruited from 10 urban and 7 rural schools in Mozambique. Moderate- to vigorous-intensity physical activity (MVPA) and sleep duration were measured by waist-worn Actigraph GT3X+ accelerometers. Accelerometers were worn 24 h/day for up to 8 days. Recreational screen time was self-reported. Potential correlates of meeting 24-h movement guidelines were directly measured or obtained from validated items of context-adapted questionnaires. Multilevel multivariable logit models were used to determine the correlates of movement behaviours. Meeting 24-h movement guidelines was defined as ≥60 min/day of MVPA, ≤2 h/day of recreational screen time, and between 9 and 11 h/night of sleep. RESULTS More rural (17.7%) than urban (3.6%) children met all three 24-h movement guidelines. Mean MVPA was lower (82.9 ± 29.5 min/day) among urban than rural children (96.7 ± 31.8 min/day). Rural children had longer sleep duration (8.9 ± 0.7 h/night) and shorter recreational screen time (2.7 ± 1.9 h/day) than their urban counterparts (8.7 ± 0.9 h/night and 5.0 ± 2.3 h/day respectively). Parental education (OR: 0.37; CI: 0.16-0.87), school location (OR: 0.21; CI: 0.09-0.52), and outdoor time (OR: 0.67; CI: 0.53-0.85) were significant correlates of meeting all three 24-h movement guidelines. CONCLUSIONS Prevalence and correlates of meeting movement guidelines differed between urban and rural schoolchildren in Mozambique. On average, both groups had higher daily MVPA minutes, shorter sleep duration, and higher recreational screen time than the 24-h movement guidelines recommend. These findings (e.g., higher than recommended mean daily MVPA minutes) differ from those from high-income countries and highlight the need to sample from both urban and rural areas.

中文翻译：

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莫桑比克城乡儿童中遵守运动指南的普遍性和相关性：一项横断面研究。

背景技术全球范围内，体育活动不足，睡眠时间短和娱乐时间过长正在增加。目前，很少或没有数据描述中低收入国家儿童中的运动行为的普遍性和相关性。尽管中低收入国家的农村人口比例很高，但很少有可用的报告未同时包括城市和农村受访者。我们比较了满足24小时运动准则的患病率，并在莫桑比克城市和农村学童样本中检查了满足准则的相关性。方法这是从莫桑比克10所城市学校和7所农村学校招募的9-11岁儿童（n = 683）的横断面研究。中强度运动强度（MVPA）和睡眠时间通过腰围Actigraph GT3X +加速度计测量。加速度计每天24小时佩戴达8天。娱乐屏幕时间是自我报告的。满足24小时运动指导原则的潜在相关性可以直接测量，也可以从与情境相适应的调查问卷的有效项目中获得。多级多变量logit模型用于确定运动行为的相关性。满足24小时运动准则的定义为MVPA≥60分钟/天，娱乐屏幕时间≤2小时/天，以及9至11小时/夜之间的睡眠。结果符合所有三个24小时运动准则的农村儿童（17.7％）比城市儿童（3.6％）多。城市儿童的平均MVPA低于农村儿童（96.7±31.8分钟/天）（82.9±29.5分钟/天）。农村儿童的睡眠时间（8.9±0.7 h / night）和娱乐屏幕时间（2.7±1.9 h / day）比城市儿童（分别为8.7±0.9 h / night和5.0±2.3 h / day）短。父母教育（OR：0.37； CI：0.16-0.87），学校所在地（OR：0.21； CI：0.09-0.52）和户外活动时间（OR：0.67； CI：0.53-0.85）与满足所有这三个24 -h运动准则。结论在莫桑比克，城乡学龄儿童的满足运动准则的相关性和相关性有所不同。平均而言，两组患者的每日MVPA分钟数都比24小时运动指南建议的时间更长，睡眠时间更短，娱乐屏幕的时间也更长。这些发现（例如，