BACKGROUND Migrant women at risk of social exclusion often experience health inequities based on gender, country of origin or socioeconomic status. Traditional health promotion programs designed for this population have focused on covering their basic needs or modifying lifestyle behaviors. The salutogenic model of health could offer a new perspective enabling health promotion programs to reduce the impact of health inequities. This study evaluated the effectiveness of a salutogenic health promotion program focused on the empowerment of migrant women at risk of social exclusion. METHODS A four-session salutogenic health promotion program was conducted over a period of 6 months. In a quasi-experimental pre-test post-test design, an ad hoc questionnaire was administered to 26 women to collect sociodemographic data, together with 5 validated instruments: Antonovsky's Sense of Coherence (SOC-13), Duke-UNC-11 (perceived social support), Quality of Life Short Form-36 (SF-36), Rosenberg's Self-Esteem Scale, and the Cohen et al. Perceived Stress Scale (PSS-10). Descriptive analysis and multiple linear regression models were performed. Statistical tests were considered significant with a two-tailed p value < 0.05. RESULTS Participants had a low initial SOC-13 score (60.36; SD 8.16), which did not show significant change after the health promotion program. Perceived social support (37.07; SD 6.28) and mental quality of life also remained unchanged, while physical quality of life increased from 50.84 (SD 4.60) to 53.08 (SD 5.31) (p = 0.049). Self-esteem showed an increasing trend from 30.14 (SD 4.21) to 31.92 (SD 4.38) (p = 0.120). Perceived stress decreased from 20.57 (SD 2.91) to 18.38 (SD 3.78) (p = 0.016). A greater effect was observed at the end of the program in women with lower initial scores for SOC-13 and quality of life and higher initial scores of perceived stress. CONCLUSIONS The health promotion program reduced perceived stress, increased physical quality of life and showed a trend toward increased self-esteem, especially among migrant women with multiple vulnerability factors. The salutogenic model of health should be considered as a good practice to apply in health promotion programs and to be included in national policies to reduce health inequity in migrant populations.

中文翻译：

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为处于社会排斥风险中的移徙妇女提供有益健康的健康促进方案。

背景技术处于社会排斥风险中的移徙妇女经常会因性别，原籍国或社会经济状况而遭受健康方面的不平等待遇。为该人群设计的传统健康促进计划的重点是满足他们的基本需求或改变生活方式。有益健康的健康模式可以提供一个新的视角，使健康促进计划能够减少健康不平等的影响。这项研究评估了一项有益健康的健康促进计划的有效性，该计划侧重于赋予处于社会排斥风险中的移徙妇女权力。方法在六个月的时间内进行了四个阶段的促进健康的健康计划。在准实验前测试后测试设计中，向26位女性发放了临时问卷，以收集社会人口统计学数据，以及5项经过验证的工具：安东诺夫斯基的连贯感（SOC-13），公爵-UNC-11（获得社会支持），生活质量简表36（SF-36），罗森伯格的自尊量表和Cohen等al。感知压力量表（PSS-10）。进行描述性分析和多元线性回归模型。统计检验被认为具有显着性，且两个尾部的p值<0.05。结果参与者的SOC-13初始评分较低（60.36; SD 8.16），在健康促进计划实施后并未显示出显着变化。感知的社会支持（37.07; SD 6.28）和精神生活质量也保持不变，而身体生活质量从50.84（SD 4.60）增加到53.08（SD 5.31）（p = 0.049）。自尊从30.14（SD 4.21）上升到31.92（SD 4.38）（p = 0.120）。感知压力从20.57（SD 2.91）降至18.38（SD 3.78）（p = 0.016）。在计划结束时，对于SOC-13和生活质量较低的初次评分较低且感觉压力较高的初次评分较高的女性，观察到了更大的效果。结论健康促进计划减轻了压力感，提高了生活质量，并显示出自尊心增强的趋势，特别是在具有多种脆弱性因素的移民妇女中。应将有益健康的健康模式视为一种良好做法，将其应用于健康促进计划中，并应纳入减少移民人口健康不平等的国家政策中。在计划结束时，对于SOC-13和生活质量较低的初次评分较低且感觉压力较高的初次评分较高的女性，观察到了更大的效果。结论健康促进计划减轻了压力感，提高了生活质量，并显示出自尊心增强的趋势，特别是在具有多种脆弱性因素的移民妇女中。应将有益健康的健康模式视为一种良好做法，将其应用于健康促进计划中，并应纳入减少移民人口健康不平等的国家政策中。在计划结束时，对于SOC-13和生活质量较低的初次评分较低且感觉压力较高的初次评分较高的女性，观察到了更大的效果。结论健康促进计划减轻了压力感，提高了生活质量，并显示出自尊心增强的趋势，特别是在具有多种脆弱性因素的移民妇女中。应将有益健康的健康模式视为一种良好做法，将其应用于健康促进计划中，并应纳入减少移民人口健康不平等的国家政策中。