Both passive and active surveillance of drug resistance have an important role in tuberculosis (TB) control program. Surveillance data are important to estimate the magnitude of drug resistance TB, to know the trend of the disease, assess the performance of the program, and to forecast diagnosis and treatment supplies. Therefore, this study aimed to determine the prevalence and the proportion of drug resistant tuberculosis in Ethiopia based on passively collected data. A cross-sectional study was conducted at the National Tuberculosis Reference Laboratory and seven Regional TB laboratories in Ethiopia on a retrospective data collected from July 2017 to June, 2018. Data were collected by standardized checklist from TB culture laboratory registration book. Percentage of recovery rate, contamination rate, and prevalence of drug resistance TB were determined by Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 23. Of 10 134 TB suspected individuals included into this analysis, 1183 (11.7%) were culture positive. The overall contamination proportion was 5.3% and nontuberculous mycobacteria proportion was 0.98%. First-line drug susceptibility test was performed for 329 Mycobacterium tuberculosis complex isolates, and the proportion of resistance was 5.7 and 6.3% for isoniazid and rifampicin respectively. The proportion of multidrug-resistant tuberculosis (MDR-TB) was 4.3% in new patients, while 6.7% in previously treated patients. However, there was no category for 0.6% patients, and the overall proportion of MDR-TB was 11.6%. The result of this study indicated that MDR-TB is a serious public health problem in Ethiopia. Thus, strengthen prevention and control program is vital to halt the burden of drug resistant TB in the country.

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基于参考实验室数据的埃塞俄比亚耐药结核病监测

耐药性的被动监测和主动监测在结核病（TB）控制计划中均具有重要作用。监测数据对于评估耐药性结核病的数量，了解疾病的趋势，评估计划的执行情况以及预测诊断和治疗供应非常重要。因此，本研究旨在根据被动收集的数据来确定埃塞俄比亚耐药结核的患病率和比例。在2017年7月至2018年6月期间收集的回顾性数据在国家结核病参考实验室和埃塞俄比亚的七个地区结核病实验室进行了横断面研究。数据是通过标准化清单从结核病培养实验室注册簿中收集的。回收率，污染率，耐药结核病的发生率和流行率由社会科学统计软件包（SPSS）23版确定。在该分析中包括10 134 TB疑似患者中，有1183名（11.7％）的培养阳性。总体污染比例为5.3％，非结核分枝杆菌比例为0.98％。对329株结核分枝杆菌复合物菌株进行了一线药敏试验，异烟肼和利福平的耐药率分别为5.7％和6.3％。新患者中耐多药结核病（MDR-TB）的比例为4.3％，先前接受治疗的患者中为6.7％。但是，没有针对0.6％的患者的类别，耐多药结核病的总比例为11.6％。这项研究的结果表明，耐多药结核病是埃塞俄比亚的一个严重的公共卫生问题。因此，