Health security in the European Union (EU) aims to protect citizens from serious threats to health such as biological agents and infectious disease outbreaks- whether natural, intentional or accidental. Threats may include established infections, emerging diseases or chemical and radiological agents. Co-ordinated international efforts attempt to minimize risks and mitigate the spread of infectious disease across borders. We review the current situation (March 2019) with respect to detection and management of serious human health threats across Irish borders- and what may change for Ireland if/when the United Kingdom (UK) withdraws from the EU (Brexit). Specifically, this paper reviews international legislation covering health threats, and its national transposition; and EU legislation and processes, especially the relevant European Decision No. 1082/2013/EU of the European Parliament and of the Council on serious cross border threats to health with repeal of Decision No 2119/98/EC. We enumerate European surveillance systems and agencies which relate to port health security; we consider consortia and academic arrangements within the EU framework and established collaboration with the World Health Organization. We describe current Health Services Executive port health structures in Ireland which address preparedness and management of human health threats at points of entry. We appraise risks which Brexit could bring, reviewing literature on shared concerns about these risks, and we evaluate post-Brexit challenges for the EU, and potential opportunities to remain within current structures in shared health threat preparedness and response. It is imperative that the UK, Ireland and the EU work together to mitigate these risks using some agreed joint coordination mechanisms for a robust, harmonised approach to global public health threats at points of entry.

中文翻译：

---

在潜在英国退欧的背景下，应对爱尔兰和欧盟入境口岸的全球公共卫生威胁的准备和管理

欧盟（EU）的卫生安全旨在保护公民免受对健康的严重威胁，例如生物制剂和传染病暴发，无论是自然的，故意的还是偶然的。威胁可能包括已确定的感染，新出现的疾病或化学和放射媒介。协调一致的国际努力试图将风险降到最低并减轻传染病跨境传播。我们回顾了关于跨爱尔兰严重人类健康威胁的检测和管理的现状（2019年3月），以及当英国（UK）退出欧盟（Brexit）时爱尔兰可能发生的变化。具体而言，本文回顾了有关健康威胁及其国家转移的国际立法；以及欧盟的法律和程序，尤其是相关的欧洲决定No. 欧洲议会和欧洲理事会第1082/2013 / EU号决议，关于废除第2119/98 / EC号决定，对健康的严重跨境威胁。我们列举了与港口健康安全有关的欧洲监视系统和机构；我们考虑了欧盟框架内的财团和学术安排，并与世界卫生组织建立了合作关系。我们描述了爱尔兰目前的卫生服务执行局港口卫生机构，这些机构处理入境口岸对人类健康威胁的准备和管理。我们评估英国脱欧可能带来的风险，审查有关这些风险的共同担忧的文献，评估欧盟脱欧后对欧盟的挑战，以及在共同的健康威胁防范和应对中保持现有结构的潜在机会。至关重要的是，英国