To prevent negative effects on the cultural landscape through land abandonment or agricultural intensification, innovative solutions towards more sustainable land use are required. Local bioenergy systems using agricultural co-products are perceived as one solution to threatened cultural landscapes with small-scale meadows. The aim of this paper is to analyse the acceptability of biomass heating plants in the Spreewald region (Germany) and their contribution to cultural landscape management. We asked 17 farmers about the likelihood that they would install a biomass plant on their farms and about their reasons for accepting or rejecting it. A fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis was applied. The analysis showed that acceptance is relatively low. We identified three types of farmers: proponents and potential adopters, ethically concerned opponents, and open-minded refusers. Biomass plants were likely to be accepted if farmers stated an ethical acceptance of and interest in technology, a need for a new heating system, the availability of sufficient feedstock, and a perceived unproblematic readiness of technology—all these factors had to exist in combination. On the other hand, farmers rejected a biomass plant if one of the following factors existed: ethical concerns about “burning hay”, satisfaction with their current oven, low availability of feedstock, or a perceived low readiness of technology. Other factors were the existence of procedural justice, trust in coordinating actors, and a demonstration plant. The discussion shows that the specific results have to be contextualised within the innovation process for sustainable landscape management. This may be achieved by integrating the acceptability study into an adaptive landscape design. This relies on mutable acceptability decisions, reflexive learning processes, and iterative feedback loops in innovation processes. Our paper advances knowledge about (1) how to prevent land abandonment and simultaneously promote regional energy and (2) the acceptability in the field of land use and landscape management. Fuzzy set qualitative comparative analysis (fsQCA); Bioenergy; Energy transitions; Co-products; Biomass conversion; Gasification; Land abandonment; Wetlands; Integrative landscape design

中文翻译：

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在德国的案例研究中，创新型生物质供热厂的可接受性–对文化景观管理和当地能源供应的贡献

为了防止土地遗弃或农业集约化对文化景观产生负面影响，需要创新的解决方案以实现更可持续的土地利用。使用农业副产品的当地生物能源系统被认为是解决小规模草地受威胁的文化景观的一种解决方案。本文的目的是分析Spreewald地区（德国）的生物质供热厂的可接受性及其对文化景观管理的贡献。我们向17位农民询问了他们在农场上安装生物质电厂的可能性以及接受或拒绝该生物质电厂的原因。应用模糊集定性比较分析。分析表明，接受度相对较低。我们确定了三种类型的农民：支持者和潜在采用者，在道德上关注反对者，以及思想开放的拒绝者。如果农民表示对技术有道德的接受和兴趣，对新的供暖系统的需求，充足的原料的可获得性以及对技术的毫无疑问的准备就绪，则很可能会接受生物质植物，所有这些因素都必须结合在一起。另一方面，如果存在以下因素之一，农民将拒绝使用生物质工厂：对“焚烧干草”的道德担忧，对当前烤箱的满意度，原料的利用率低或认为技术准备不足。其他因素包括程序正义，对协调者的信任以及示范工厂的存在。讨论表明，必须在创新过程中将具体结果与可持续景观管理相结合。这可以通过将可接受性研究整合到自适应景观设计中来实现。这依赖于可变的可接受性决策，反思性学习过程以及创新过程中的迭代反馈循环。我们的论文提高了以下方面的知识：（1）如何防止土地遗弃并同时促进区域能源发展；（2）土地使用和景观管理领域的可接受性。模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）；生物能源；能源过渡；副产品；生物质转化；气化; 土地遗弃；湿地；整体景观设计 我们的论文提高了以下方面的知识：（1）如何防止土地遗弃并同时促进区域能源发展；（2）土地使用和景观管理领域的可接受性。模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）；生物能源；能源过渡；副产品；生物质转化；气化; 土地遗弃；湿地；整体景观设计 我们的论文提高了以下方面的知识：（1）如何防止土地遗弃并同时促进区域能源发展；（2）土地使用和景观管理领域的可接受性。模糊集定性比较分析（fsQCA）；生物能源；能源过渡；副产品；生物质转化；气化; 土地遗弃；湿地；整体景观设计