The aim of this study was to examine the prevalence of cannabis and amphetamine use and to determine its associated factors among school-going adolescents in Ghana. The 2012 Ghanaian Global School-based Student Health Survey on 3632 adolescents aged 11–19 years (mean = 15.1 years; SD = 1.4) was used. Participants for this study were sampled from selected junior (JHS) and senior high schools (SHS) in all the 10 administrative regions of Ghana. A two-stage cluster sampling design was used to select 25 senior high schools to represent all the 10 regions of Ghana. Information was collected with a self-administered structured questionnaire that contained information on demographics, alcohol, tobacco and other drug use, violence, and a range of other health-related behaviours. The result showed that past-month cannabis use was 5.3% and lifetime amphetamine use was 7.1% among students. In multivariate model, after controlling for other variables, school truancy and current cigarette smoking were associated with both past-month cannabis and lifetime amphetamine use. The number of close friends was associated with only past-month cannabis use. School environment factors (bullying victimisation and having been attacked) and parental substance use were associated with lifetime amphetamine use. This study identified a number of risk factors, including parental substance use and various risk behaviours, for both past-month cannabis and lifetime amphetamine use. School-based health intervention programmes should be developed taking into consideration the risk factors associated with cannabis and amphetamine use among school-going adolescents.

中文翻译：

---

加纳在校青少年大麻和安非他明的使用及其社会心理相关性


本研究的目的是调查加纳在校青少年吸食大麻和安非他明的流行情况，并确定其相关因素。采用了 2012 年加纳全球校内学生健康调查，调查对象为 3632 名 11-19 岁青少年（平均值 = 15.1 岁；SD = 1.4）。这项研究的参与者是从加纳所有 10 个行政区选定的初中 (JHS) 和高中 (SHS) 中抽取的。采用两阶段整群抽样设计，选择了代表加纳所有 10 个地区的 25 所高中。通过自我管理的结构化调查问卷收集信息，其中包含有关人口统计、酒精、烟草和其他药物使用、暴力以及一系列其他健康相关行为的信息。结果显示，学生中过去一个月吸食大麻的比例为 5.3%，终生吸食安非他明的比例为 7.1%。在多变量模型中，在控制其他变量后，逃学和当前吸烟与过去一个月的大麻和终生安非他明的使用有关。亲密朋友的数量仅与过去一个月的大麻使用有关。学校环境因素（欺凌受害和受到攻击）和父母物质使用与终生使用安非他明有关。这项研究确定了过去一个月使用大麻和终生使用安非他明的许多风险因素，包括父母使用药物和各种风险行为。制定以学校为基础的健康干预方案时应考虑到与在校青少年吸食大麻和安非他明相关的风险因素。