Psychological problems during childhood and adolescence are highly prevalent, frequently comorbid, and incur severe social burden. A school-based universal prevention approach is one avenue to address these issues. The first aim of this study was the development of a novel, transdiagnostic cognitive-behavioral universal prevention program: The Universal Unified Prevention Program for Diverse Disorders (Up2-D2). The second aim of this study was to examine the acceptability and fidelity of the Up2-D2. Classroom teachers who attended a 1-day workshop implemented the Up2-D2 independently as a part of their regular curricula. To assess the acceptability of the Up2-D2, 213 children (111 boys and 102 girls) aged 9–12 years completed questionnaires about their enjoyment, comprehension, attainment, applicability, and self-efficacy after completing Lessons 1–12. For fidelity, research assistants independently evaluated audio files that were randomly selected and assigned (27.3%). Our preliminary evaluation revealed the program was highly enjoyable, clear, and applicable for students. In addition, self-efficacy demonstrated a trend of gradually increasing over the 12 sessions. The total fidelity observed in the two schools was sufficient (76.2%), given the length of the teacher training. The results of this study supported the theory that the Up2-D2 could be feasible in real-world school settings when classroom teachers implement the program. We discussed current research and practical issues of using universal prevention to address mental health problems in school, based on implementation science for user-centered design.

中文翻译：

---

制定针对学龄儿童多种疾病的普遍统一预防计划

儿童期和青春期的心理问题非常普遍，经常并发，并造成严重的社会负担。以学校为基础的普遍预防方法是解决这些问题的途径之一。本研究的首要目标是开发一种新颖的、跨诊断的认知行为普遍预防计划：针对多种疾病的普遍统一预防计划（Up2-D2）。本研究的第二个目的是检验 Up2-D2 的可接受性和保真度。参加为期 1 天的研讨会的课堂教师独立实施了 Up2-D2，作为其常规课程的一部分。为了评估 Up2-D2 的可接受性，213 名 9-12 岁的儿童（111 名男孩和 102 名女孩）在完成第 1-12 课后完成了关于他们的享受、理解、成就、适用性和自我效能的调查问卷。为了保真度，研究助理独立评估了随机选择和分配的音频文件（27.3%）。我们的初步评估显示该课程非常有趣、清晰且适用于学生。此外，自我效能感在12个疗程中呈现出逐渐增强的趋势。考虑到教师培训的时间长度，两所学校观察到的总忠诚度是足够的（76.2%）。这项研究的结果支持了这样的理论：当课堂教师实施该计划时，Up2-D2 在现实学校环境中是可行的。我们基于以用户为中心的设计的实施科学，讨论了利用普遍预防来解决学校心理健康问题的当前研究和实际问题。