Background Adolescents in residential care are a vulnerable population with many problems in several life areas. For most of these adolescents, these problems persist after discharge and into adulthood. Since an accumulation of risk factors in multiple domains increases the likelihood of future adverse outcomes, it would be valuable to investigate whether there are differences in life after residential care between subgroups based on multiple co-occurring risk factors. Aims and hypothesis The aim of this exploratory follow-up study is to explore differences between young adults-classified in four risk profiles-in relation to life after discharge from a secure residential care setting. It is hypothesised that young adults with a profile with many risks in multiple domains will experience more problems after discharge, such as (persistent) delinquency, compared to young adults with a profile with lower risks. Methods Follow-up data were collected from 46 former patients of a hospital for youth forensic psychiatry and orthopsychiatry in the Netherlands. In order to illustrate these young adults' life after discharge, self-reported outcome measures divided into five domains (i.e., quality of life, daily life, social life, problems, and delinquency) were used. Differences between four classes based on pre-admission risk factors, which were identified in a previous study by latent class analysis, were explored by three (non-)parametric statistical tests. Results Life after discharge for most young adults was characterised by close friends and a high quality of life, but also by substance abuse, professional support, debts, and delinquency. Only a few significant differences between the classes were found, primarily between young adults with risk factors in the individual, family, school, and peer domains and young adults in the other three classes. Conclusions Young adults experience a high quality of life after discharge from secure residential care, despite the presence of persistent problems. Some indications have been found that young adults with risk factors in four domains are at greatest risk for persistent problems in young adulthood. Because of the high amount of persistent problems, residential treatment and aftercare should focus more on patients' long-term needs.

中文翻译：

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调查水晶球：年轻男性从荷兰安全的住宿护理机构出院后所经历的生活质量、犯罪和问题。

背景 寄宿照料中的青少年是弱势群体，在多个生活领域存在许多问题。对于这些青少年中的大多数，这些问题在出院后一直持续到成年。由于多个领域的风险因素的积累会增加未来不良结果的可能性，因此基于多个同时发生的风险因素调查亚组之间住院护理后的生活是否存在差异将是有价值的。目的和假设 这项探索性后续研究的目的是探讨年轻人（分为四种风险特征）与从安全的住宿护理机构出院后的生活相关的差异。假设在多个领域具有许多风险特征的年轻人在出院后会遇到更多问题，例如（持续）犯罪，与风险较低的年轻人相比。方法收集荷兰某青年法医精神病学和正畸医院的46名前患者的随访资料。为了说明这些年轻人出院后的生活，使用了分为五个领域（即生活质量、日常生活、社会生活、问题和犯罪）的自我报告结果测量。基于入院前风险因素的四个班级之间的差异，在先前的研究中通过潜在班级分析确定，通过三个（非）参数统计检验进行了探索。结果 对于大多数年轻人来说，出院后的生活以亲密的朋友和高质量的生活为特征，但也以药物滥用、专业支持、债务和犯罪为特征。仅发现班级之间存在一些显着差异，主要是在个人、家庭、学校和同龄人领域具有危险因素的年轻人与其他三个班级的年轻人之间。结论 尽管存在持续存在的问题，但年轻人在安全的住宿护理出院后仍能体验到高质量的生活。一些迹象表明，在四个领域具有风险因素的年轻人在青年期出现持续性问题的风险最大。由于存在大量持续性问题，住院治疗和善后护理应更多地关注患者的长期需求。结论 尽管存在持续存在的问题，但年轻人在安全的住宿护理出院后仍能体验到高质量的生活。一些迹象表明，在四个领域具有风险因素的年轻人在青年期出现持续性问题的风险最大。由于存在大量持续性问题，住院治疗和善后护理应更多地关注患者的长期需求。结论 尽管存在持续存在的问题，但年轻人在安全的住宿护理出院后仍能体验到高质量的生活。一些迹象表明，在四个领域具有风险因素的年轻人在青年期出现持续性问题的风险最大。由于存在大量持续性问题，住院治疗和善后护理应更多地关注患者的长期需求。