Probiotics has been shown to be effective in reducing vaginal colonization of pathogenic organisms. The aim of this study was to investigate the influence of probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 on genital high-risk human papilloma virus (HR-HPV) clearance and quality of cervical smear. This was a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial. Women with genital HR-HPV infection were randomized into study and control groups. A probiotic or placebo preparation was administered orally (one capsule daily) until negative HR-HPV testing. A cervical smear and HR-HPV tests were performed at the beginning of the study and every 3 months thereafter until a negative result was obtained. A total of 121 women with genital HR-HPV infection were enrolled (62 in the study group and 59 in the control group). There was no significant difference in HR-HPV clearance rate between the two groups (58.1% vs. 54.2%). The only factor predicting HR-HPV clearance was a lower initial viral load (HR 3.214; 95% CI: 1.398, 7.392; p = 0.006). Twenty-two women had a mildly abnormal initial cervical smear and nine had an unsatisfactory smear. At 6 months follow-up, both mildly abnormal cervical smear and unsatisfactory smear rates had decreased significantly in the study group compared to the control group (p = 0.017 and 0.027). The application of probiotic strains Lactobacillus rhamnosus GR-1 and Lactobacillus reuteri RC-14 did not influence genital HR-HPV clearance, but may have decreased the rates of mildly abnormal and unsatisfactory cervical smears. Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01599416 , May, 2012. Retrospectively registered.

中文翻译：

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益生菌对生殖器高危型人乳头瘤病毒清除率和宫颈涂片质量的影响：一项随机安慰剂对照试验

益生菌已显示可有效减少病原生物在阴道中的定植。这项研究的目的是调查益生菌菌株鼠李糖乳杆菌GR-1和罗伊氏乳杆菌RC-14对生殖器高危型人乳头瘤病毒（HR-HPV）清除率和宫颈涂片质量的影响。这是一项随机，双盲，安慰剂对照试验。生殖器HR-HPV感染的妇女被随机分为研究组和对照组。口服（每天一粒胶囊）益生菌或安慰剂制剂，直到HR-HPV检测阴性。在研究开始时进行宫颈涂片和HR-HPV检测，此后每3个月进行一次，直至获得阴性结果。共有121名患有生殖器HR-HPV感染的女性入组（研究组62例，对照组59例）。两组之间的HR-HPV清除率无显着差异（58.1％对54.2％）。预测HR-HPV清除率的唯一因素是较低的初始病毒载量（HR 3.214; 95％CI：1.398，7.392; p = 0.006）。22名女性最初的子宫颈涂片有轻度异常，而9名女性的涂片不令人满意。随访6个月，与对照组相比，研究组的轻度异常宫颈涂片和不满意的涂片率均显着降低（p = 0.017和0.027）。益生菌菌株鼠李糖乳杆菌GR-1和罗伊氏乳杆菌RC-14的使用不影响生殖器HR-HPV清除率，但可能降低了轻度异常和不满意的宫颈涂片的发生率。Clinicaltrials.gov NCT01599416，2012年5月。