This study aims to investigate the difference in vaginal microecology, local immunity and HPV infection among childbearing-age women with different degrees of cervical lesions. A total of 432 patients were included in this study. Among these patients, 136 patients had LSIL, 263 patients had HSIL and 33 patients had CSCC. These patients were assigned as the research groups. In addition, 100 healthy females were enrolled and assigned as the control group. The microbiological indexes of vaginal secretions were evaluated. Furthermore, the concentrations of SIgA, IgG, IL-2 and IL-10 in vaginal lavage fluid, as well as the presence of HPV, mycoplasma and Chlamydia in cervical secretions, were detected. The results is that: (1) Differences in evaluation indexes of vaginal microecology among all research groups and the control group were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). As the degree of cervical lesions increased, the number of Lactobacillus decreased, and there was an increase in prevalence of bacterial imbalance, and the diversity, density and normal proportion of bacteria was reduced. Furthermore, the incidence of HPV, trichomonads, clue cell and Chlamydia infection increased. Moreover, the positive rate of H2O2 decreased, while the positive rates of SNa and GADP increased. (2) Differences in the ratio of IL-2 and IL-10 in the female genital tract among all research groups and the control group were statistically significant (P < 0.0001). As the degree of cervical lesions increased, IL-2 decreased, IL-10 increased and IL-2/IL-10 decreased, while SIgA and IgG were elevated. The reduction of dominant Lactobacillus in the vagina, impairment of H2O2 function, flora ratio imbalance, pathogen infections, reduction in IL-2/IL-10 ratio, and changes in SIgA and IgG levels could all be potential factors that influenced the pathogenicity of HPV infection and the occurrence and development of cervical lesions.

中文翻译：

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内蒙古不同程度宫颈病变的育龄妇女阴道微生态，局部免疫和HPV感染的差异

本研究旨在探讨不同程度宫颈病变的育龄妇女在阴道微生态学，局部免疫和HPV感染方面的差异。本研究共纳入432例患者。在这些患者中，有136例患有LSIL，263例患有HSIL，33例患有CSCC。这些患者被分配为研究组。另外，招募了100名健康女性，并作为对照组。评估阴道分泌物的微生物指标。此外，还检测了阴道灌洗液中SIgA，IgG，IL-2和IL-10的浓度，以及宫颈分泌物中HPV，支原体和衣原体的存在。结果是：（1）所有研究组与对照组的阴道微生态评价指标差异具有统计学意义（P <0.0001）。随着宫颈病变程度的增加，乳酸杆菌的数量减少，细菌失衡的发生率增加，细菌的多样性，密度和正常比例降低。此外，HPV，滴虫，线索细胞和衣原体感染的发生率增加。此外，H2O2的阳性率下降，而SNa和GADP的阳性率上升。（2）所有研究组与对照组女性生殖道中IL-2和IL-10的比例差异具有统计学意义（P <0.0001）。随着宫颈病变程度的增加，IL-2降低，IL-10升高，IL-2 / IL-10降低，而SIgA和IgG升高。阴道中占主导地位的乳酸杆菌的减少，H2O2功能受损，菌群比例失衡，病原体感染，IL-2 / IL-10比例降低以及SIgA和IgG水平的变化都可能是影响HPV致病性的潜在因素感染以及宫颈病变的发生和发展。