Benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH) rarely occurs in children or young males. In this case report, a 29-year-old male patient diagnosed with BPH coexisting with ketamine-associated uropathy was reported to investigate the possible relationship between BPH and ketamine-associated uropathy as well as therapeutic strategies. A 29-year-old male patient with a 3-year history of ketamine inhalation, complaining of dysuria with frequency and urgency, was admitted. Hydronephrosis, hydroureters, uneven bladder wall thickening and a tumour located in the outlet of the bladder were detected with computed tomography (CT). The patient agreed to cystoscopy under general anaesthesia. A spherical tumour with a diameter of approximately 2 cm was found to originate from the median lobe of the prostate and follicular lesions were diffusely distributed on the right bladder wall. The tumour and follicular lesions in the bladder were resected successfully, and pathology demonstrated BPH and chronic inflammation of the mucous membranes separately. The patient quit ketamine completely during the one-year follow-up. Dysuria was relieved completely and no tumour or follicular neoplasm recurrence was found. Inflammation in the urothelium, as a direct or indirect consequence of ketamine, may contribute to the development of BPH. Both surgical interventions to remove obstruction and ketamine cessation are necessary approaches.

中文翻译：

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氯胺酮相关性尿毒症中青年男性前列腺增生所致的排尿困难

良性前列腺增生（BPH）很少发生在儿童或年轻男性中。在该病例报告中，报告了一名诊断为BPH与氯胺酮相关性尿病共存的29岁男性患者，以调查BPH与氯胺酮相关性尿病之间的可能关系以及治疗策略。一名29岁的男性患者，其吸入氯胺酮的病史为3年，主诉频率和紧迫性排尿困难。用计算机断层扫描（CT）检测出肾积水，输尿管，膀胱壁不均匀增厚以及位于膀胱出口的肿瘤。患者同意在全身麻醉下进行膀胱镜检查。发现直径约2 cm的球形肿瘤起源于前列腺的正中叶，滤泡性病变散布在右膀胱壁上。成功切除了膀胱中的肿瘤和滤泡性病变，病理证实BPH和粘膜慢性炎症。在一年的随访期间，患者完全退出了氯胺酮。排尿困难完全缓解，未发现肿瘤或滤泡性肿瘤复发。氯胺酮的直接或间接结果是尿路上皮中的炎症可能促进了BPH的发展。消除阻塞和氯胺酮的两种手术干预都是必要的方法。病理证实BPH和粘膜慢性炎症。在一年的随访期间，患者完全退出了氯胺酮。排尿困难完全缓解，未发现肿瘤或滤泡性肿瘤复发。氯胺酮的直接或间接结果是尿路上皮中的炎症可能促进了BPH的发展。消除阻塞和氯胺酮的两种手术干预都是必要的方法。病理证实BPH和粘膜慢性炎症。在一年的随访期间，患者完全退出了氯胺酮。排尿困难完全缓解，未发现肿瘤或滤泡性肿瘤复发。氯胺酮的直接或间接结果是尿路上皮中的炎症可能促进了BPH的发展。消除阻塞和氯胺酮的两种手术干预都是必要的方法。