Child malnutrition still remains a major cause of childhood morbidity and mortality in Bangladesh. This study aims to determine the prevalence and identify the associated risk factors of child malnutrition in Bangladesh using multilevel logistic regression model on data from the Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey (BDHS), 2014. A total sample of 6965 children aged 0–59 months was extracted from BDHS 2014. We performed descriptive analysis and multilevel generalized linear regression analysis with clustered data structure. Our findings show that among children the prevalence of moderate and severe values was respectively: 25 and 12% for stunting; 11 and 3.1% for wasting; 25 and 7.9% for underweight. The probability of stunting increased with age, with highest rate among children aged 36–47 months, which was significantly higher than children aged less than 6 months (OR = 6.71, 95% CI = 4.46, 10.10). Female children are found to be 11% less likely to be stunted than male children (OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.78, 1.02). Children with birth interval less than 24 months were significantly more likely to be stunted than children of first birth by 36% (OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.11, 1.67). Mothers with a normal BMI were 16% less likely to have children with stunting compared to mothers who are underweight (OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76, 0.93). Other factors which were associated with a higher risk of stunting included parents with lower educational levels, children from the poorest wealth index, and mothers aged less than 20 years as first birth. Government and non-government organization should generate effective program to aware women of reproductive age about adverse effect of short birth interval, and to aware parents about standard height and weight according to age and gender of children. Overall, necessary steps may be taken to make people educated and to reduce household wealth inequality to improve nutritional status of children.

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孟加拉国 5 岁以下儿童发育迟缓的相关性：多层次方法

儿童营养不良仍然是孟加拉国儿童发病率和死亡率的主要原因。本研究旨在利用 2014 年孟加拉国人口与健康调查 (BDHS) 数据的多级逻辑回归模型确定孟加拉国儿童营养不良的患病率并确定相关的危险因素。总共有 6965 名 0-59 个月的儿童样本。从 BDHS 2014 中提取。我们使用聚类数据结构进行了描述性分析和多级广义线性回归分析。我们的研究结果表明，在儿童中，中度和重度值的患病率分别为：发育迟缓为 25% 和 12%；浪费 11% 和 3.1%；25% 和 7.9% 的体重不足。发育迟缓的概率随着年龄的增长而增加，在 36-47 个月的儿童中发病率最高，显着高于 6 个月以下儿童（OR = 6.71, 95% CI = 4.46, 10.10）。发现女性儿童发育迟缓的可能性比男性儿童低 11%（OR = 0.89, 95% CI = 0.78, 1.02）。出生间隔小于 24 个月的儿童发育迟缓的可能性比头胎儿童高 36%（OR = 1.36, 95% CI = 1.11, 1.67）。与体重不足的母亲相比，BMI 正常的母亲生下发育迟缓孩子的可能性要低 16%（OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.76, 0.93）。其他与发育迟缓风险较高相关的因素包括教育水平较低的父母、财富指数最低的孩子以及头胎年龄小于 20 岁的母亲。政府和非政府组织应制定有效的计划，使育龄妇女了解短生育间隔的不利影响，并根据孩子的年龄和性别让父母了解标准身高和体重。总体而言，可以采取必要措施使人们受教育并减少家庭财富不平等，从而改善儿童的营养状况。