Medication errors (MEs) are unintended failures in the drug treatment process that can occur during prescription, dispensing, storing, preparation or administration of medications. High alert medications (HAMs) are defined as those medications that bear the highest risk of causing significant patient harm when used incorrectly, either due to their serious adverse events or to a narrow therapeutic window. Nurses are responsible for administration of HAMs; incorrect administration can have a significant clinical outcome. This study aimed to assess the level of knowledge of HAMs among nurses in government hospitals in West Bank, Palestine. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 2015, in West Bank, Palestine. Data were collected via a face to face interview questionnaire, which was taken from a previous study. Data were collected by convenient sampling. The questionnaire consisted of four parts: demographic characteristics of the nurses, drug administration knowledge (10 true-false questions), drug regulation knowledge (10 true-false questions), and self-evaluation. A total of 280 nurses participated in the study; these nurses were working in the emergency room (ER), intensive care unit (ICU), paediatric or medical ward. The response rate was 93%. Nurses were found to have insufficient knowledge about HAMs; 67.1% of participants had a score of less than 70%, with a mean total score of 59.9 ± 15.1. Factors associated with sufficient knowledge among nurses were HAMs training and ICU training, both with p-values of 0.002. Nurses with a master degree, those working in the ICU ward, head nurses, and male nurses were the most knowledgeable groups, with a p-values < 0.001. 81.8% of respondents hoped to obtain additional training. The leading obstacles reported were inconsistent opinions between doctors and nurses (37.9%), and no established standard operating procedure for HAMs (37.1%). Lack of knowledge was one of the obstacles that nurses encountered during administration of HAMs which might result in MEs. Nurses reported that they would like to have additional training to update their pharmacology knowledge. Nurses could benefit from additional continuing education and training programs.

中文翻译：

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巴勒斯坦护士对高危药物管理和监管的认识：一项横断面研究

用药错误 (ME) 是药物治疗过程中的意外故障，可能在处方、配药、储存、制备或给药过程中发生。高度警戒药物 (HAM) 被定义为那些由于严重不良事件或治疗窗口狭窄而在错误使用时对患者造成重大伤害的风险最高的药物。护士负责管理 HAM；不正确的给药可能会产生显着的临床结果。本研究旨在评估巴勒斯坦西岸政府医院护士的 HAM 知识水平。2015 年在巴勒斯坦西岸进行了一项横断面研究。数据是通过面对面访谈问卷收集的，该问卷取自先前的研究。通过方便的采样收集数据。问卷由护士人口学特征、用药知识（10个真假问题）、药品监管知识（10个真假问题）和自我评价四部分组成。共有280名护士参加了研究；这些护士在急诊室 (ER)、重症监护室 (ICU)、儿科或内科病房工作。响应率为 93%。发现护士对 HAM 的了解不足；67.1% 的参与者得分低于 70%，平均总分为 59.9 ± 15.1。与护士知识充足相关的因素是 HAM 培训和 ICU 培训，两者的 p 值为 0.002。拥有硕士学位的护士，在ICU病房工作的护士，护士长和男护士是知识最多的群体，p 值 < 0.001。81.8% 的受访者希望获得额外的培训。报告的主要障碍是医生和护士之间的意见不一致（37.9%），以及没有建立 HAM 的标准操作程序（37.1%）。缺乏知识是护士在管理 HAM 过程中遇到的可能导致 ME 的障碍之一。护士报告说他们希望接受额外的培训来更新他们的药理学知识。护士可以从额外的继续教育和培训计划中受益。缺乏知识是护士在管理 HAM 过程中遇到的可能导致 ME 的障碍之一。护士报告说他们希望接受额外的培训来更新他们的药理学知识。护士可以从额外的继续教育和培训计划中受益。缺乏知识是护士在管理 HAM 过程中遇到的可能导致 ME 的障碍之一。护士报告说他们希望接受额外的培训来更新他们的药理学知识。护士可以从额外的继续教育和培训计划中受益。