Nowadays, healthcare professionals worldwide deliver care for increasing numbers of culturally and linguistically diverse patients. The importance of cultural competence is evident in terms of the quality of healthcare, and more knowledge is needed about different educational models and approaches that aim to increase cultural competence. This study examines the perceptions of nurses about the content and utility of cultural competence training that focuses on increasing awareness of one’s own cultural features. The training was conducted at one primary care hospital in southern Finland. Participants were registered nurses (n = 14) and practical nurses (n = 6) from different hospital units. Four 4-h training sessions—including lectures, discussions and short web-based learning tasks—were arranged during a four-week period. Semi-structured, small group interviews were conducted with 10 participants to examine their perceptions about the content and utility of the training. Qualitative content analysis with a conventional approach was used to analyse the data. Perceptions about the training were divided into three main categories: general utility of the training, personal utility of the training, and utility of the training for patients. General utility pertains to the general approach that the training provided on cross-cultural care, the possibility to initiate an open discussion, and the opportunity to improve current practices. Personal utility pertains to the opportunity to become aware of one’s own cultural features, to change one’s way of thinking, to obtain a new perspective on one’s own communication practices and to receive justification for carrying out particular workable practices. Utility for patients pertains to fostering better awareness and acknowledgement of patients’ differing cultural features and an increased respect in healthcare delivery. Additionally, the quality of the training was highlighted, and suggestions for improvement were offered. Training that increases healthcare professionals’ awareness of their own cultural features was perceived as useful and thought-provoking. Increased awareness might facilitate the communication between healthcare professionals and patients, which is a crucial component of quality healthcare. It seems that in the future, training opportunities that allow larger groups to participate are needed, regardless of the time and place, and utilising the potential of e-learning should be considered.

中文翻译：

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提高文化意识：护士对文化能力培训看法的定性研究


如今，世界各地的医疗保健专业人员为越来越多的文化和语言多样化的患者提供护理。文化能力的重要性在医疗保健质量方面是显而易见的，并且需要更多关于旨在提高文化能力的不同教育模式和方法的知识。本研究调查了护士对文化能力培训的内容和效用的看法，文化能力培训的重点是提高对自身文化特征的认识。培训在芬兰南部的一家初级保健医院进行。参与者是来自不同医院单位的注册护士（n = 14）和实习护士（n = 6）。在为期四个星期的时间内安排了四次为期 4 小时的培训课程，包括讲座、讨论和简短的网络学习任务。对 10 名参与者进行了半结构化的小组访谈，以考察他们对培训内容和实用性的看法。使用传统方法进行定性内容分析来分析数据。对培训的看法分为三个主要类别：培训的一般效用、培训的个人效用以及培训对患者的效用。一般效用涉及培训提供的跨文化护理的一般方法、发起公开讨论的可能性以及改进当前实践的机会。个人效用是指有机会意识到自己的文化特征、改变自己的思维方式、获得对自己的沟通实践的新视角以及获得实施特定可行实践的理由。 对患者的实用性涉及培养对患者不同文化特征的更好认识和认可以及对医疗服务的更多尊重。此外，还强调了培训质量，并提出了改进建议。提高医疗保健专业人员对其自身文化特征的认识的培训被认为是有用且发人深省的。提高认识可能会促进医疗保健专业人员和患者之间的沟通，这是优质医疗保健的重要组成部分。看来，未来需要允许更多群体参与的培训机会，无论时间和地点，并且应该考虑利用电子学习的潜力。