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Tristetraprolin specifically regulates the expression and alternative splicing of immune response genes in HeLa cells.
BMC Immunology ( IF 3 ) Pub Date : 2019-05-02 , DOI: 10.1186/s12865-019-0292-1
Yafang Tu 1 , Xiongfei Wu 1 , Fengyun Yu 2, 3 , Jianzhong Dang 4 , Juan Wang 1 , Yaxun Wei 3 , Zhitao Cai 1 , Zhipeng Zhou 2, 3 , Wenliang Liao 1 , Lian Li 1 , Yi Zhang 2, 3
Affiliation  

BACKGROUND Tristetraprolin (TTP) is an RNA binding protein that plays a critical role in regulating proinflammatory immune responses by destabilizing target mRNAs via binding to their AU-rich elements (AREs) in the 3'-UTRs of mRNAs. A recent CLIP-seq study revealed that TTP-binding sites are enriched in the intronic regions of RNA. TTP is also a nuclear protein that exhibits putative DNA-binding activity. These features suggested that TTP might regulate gene transcription and/or alternative splicing of pre-mRNAs in the absence of stimulation. RESULTS To elucidate the regulatory pattern of TTP, we cloned and overexpressed the human TTP-encoding gene, ZFP36, in HeLa cells in the absence of inflammatory stimuli. The transcriptomes of the control and ZFP36-overexpressing cells were sequenced and subjected to analysis and validation. Upon ZFP36 overexpression, the expression of genes associated with innate immunity, including those in the type I interferon signaling pathway and viral response, were specifically upregulated, implying a transcriptional regulatory mechanism associated with the predicted DNA binding activity of TTP. TTP preferentially regulated the alternative splicing of genes involved in the positive regulation of the I-κB/NF-κB cascade and the TRIF-dependent toll-like receptor, MAPK, TNF, and T cell receptor signaling pathways. CONCLUSIONS Our findings indicated that TTP may regulate the immune response via the regulation of alternative splicing and potentially transcription, which greatly expands the current understanding of the mechanisms of TTP-mediated gene regulation.

中文翻译:

Tristetraprolin专门调节HeLa细胞中免疫反应基因的表达和可变剪接。

背景技术Tristetraprolin(TTP)是一种RNA结合蛋白,通过与靶标mRNA的3'-UTRs中富含AU的元件(ARE)结合来使靶标mRNA失稳,从而在调节促炎性免疫反应中起关键作用。最近的CLIP-seq研究表明,TTP结合位点在RNA的内含子区域富集。TTP也是一种核蛋白,具有假定的DNA结合活性。这些特征表明,在没有刺激的情况下,TTP可能调节前mRNA的基因转录和/或选择性剪接。结果为了阐明TTP的调控模式,我们在没有炎症刺激的情况下在HeLa细胞中克隆并过表达了人类TTP编码基因ZFP36。对对照和过表达ZFP36的细胞的转录组进行测序,并进行分析和验证。ZFP36过表达后,与先天免疫相关的基因(包括I型干扰素信号传导途径和病毒应答基因)的表达被特异性上调,这暗示了与TTP预测的DNA结合活性相关的转录调控机制。TTP优先调节参与I-κB/NF-κB级联和TRIF依赖的Toll样受体,MAPK,TNF和T细胞受体信号通路正调控的基因的选择性剪接。结论我们的发现表明TTP可能通过选择性剪接和潜在转录的调控来调节免疫应答,这极大地扩展了目前对TTP介导的基因调控机制的理解。包括I型干扰素信号传导途径和病毒应答中的那些,都被特异地上调,这意味着与TTP的预期DNA结合活性相关的转录调控机制。TTP优先调节参与I-κB/NF-κB级联和TRIF依赖的Toll样受体,MAPK,TNF和T细胞受体信号通路正调控的基因的选择性剪接。结论我们的发现表明TTP可能通过选择性剪接和潜在转录的调控来调节免疫应答,这极大地扩展了目前对TTP介导的基因调控机制的理解。包括I型干扰素信号传导途径和病毒应答中的那些,都被特异地上调,这意味着与TTP的预期DNA结合活性相关的转录调控机制。TTP优先调节参与I-κB/NF-κB级联和TRIF依赖的Toll样受体,MAPK,TNF和T细胞受体信号通路正调控的基因的选择性剪接。结论我们的发现表明TTP可能通过选择性剪接和潜在转录的调控来调节免疫应答,这极大地扩展了目前对TTP介导的基因调控机制的理解。暗示与预期的TTP DNA结合活性相关的转录调控机制。TTP优先调节参与I-κB/NF-κB级联和TRIF依赖的Toll样受体,MAPK,TNF和T细胞受体信号通路正调控的基因的选择性剪接。结论我们的发现表明TTP可能通过选择性剪接和潜在转录的调控来调节免疫应答,这极大地扩展了目前对TTP介导的基因调控机制的理解。暗示与预期的TTP DNA结合活性相关的转录调控机制。TTP优先调节参与I-κB/NF-κB级联和TRIF依赖的Toll样受体,MAPK,TNF和T细胞受体信号通路正调控的基因的选择性剪接。结论我们的发现表明TTP可能通过选择性剪接和潜在转录的调控来调节免疫应答,这极大地扩展了目前对TTP介导的基因调控机制的理解。
更新日期:2019-05-02
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