BACKGROUND Obese women with polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) may face additional barriers in achieving weight loss. We aimed to compare the effects of the hypocaloric low glycemic index (LGI) diet on anthropometric variables and insulin resistance in women with and without PCOS and investigate the effect of this diet on the clinical and hormonal features of PCOS women. METHODS This interventional study was carried out at the Reproductive Endocrinology Research Center, Research Institute for Endocrine Sciences, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran. Of 108 women invited for the purpose of the present study, 62 participants (PCOS = 28, non-PCOS = 34) followed a 24-week energy restricted LGI diet. Anthropometric, biochemical, hormonal and clinical measurements were documented at baseline, 12 weeks and 24 weeks with intervention. RESULTS The percentages of weight loss achieved by both the PCOS and non-PCOS groups did not differ significantly (PCOS: -8.04% vs. non-PCOS: -8.09%). No significant difference in decrease of homeostatic model assessment of insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) was observed between the two groups (PCOS = - 0.83 ± 0.33, non PCOS = - 0.79 ± 0.28, P = 0.83). In PCOS women, significant reduction in total testosterone (- 0.91 ± 0.33 nmol/L, P = 0.006), FAI (- 4.47 ± 1.1, P < 0.001) and increase in SHBG (38.98 ± 11.02 nmol/L, P < 0.001) were observed. Menstrual irregularity was improved in 80% of women with PCOS and a significant decrease (32.1%) in occurrence of acne was reported. CONCLUSIONS This diet has equally beneficial effects on anthropometric and metabolic characteristics of overweight women with and without PCOS. TRIAL REGISTRATION This study is registered in the Iranian Randomized Clinical Trials Registry (IRCT, code: IRCT2016092129909N1 ).

中文翻译：

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能量受限的低血糖指数饮食对有或没有多囊卵巢综合征的超重女性有不同的影响吗？

背景技术患有多囊卵巢综合征（PCOS）的肥胖妇女在实现减肥方面可能面临其他障碍。我们旨在比较低热量低血糖指数（LGI）饮食对有和没有PCOS的女性的人体测量学变量和胰岛素抵抗的影响，并研究该饮食对PCOS女性的临床和激素特性的影响。方法这项干预性研究是在伊朗德黑兰沙希德·贝希什蒂医科大学内分泌科学研究所生殖内分泌学研究中心进行的。在本研究邀请的108名妇女中，有62名参与者（PCOS = 28，非PCOS = 34）接受了24周的能量受限LGI饮食。在基线记录了人体测量，生化，激素和临床测量，12周和24周进行干预。结果PCOS组和非PCOS组的体重减轻百分比均无显着差异（PCOS：-8.04％与非PCOS：-8.09％）。两组之间在胰岛素抵抗的稳态模型评估（HOMA-IR）降低方面没有显着差异（PCOS =-0.83±0.33，非PCOS =-0.79±0.28，P = 0.83）。在PCOS妇女中，总睾丸激素（-0.91±0.33 nmol / L，P = 0.006），FAI（-4.47±1.1，P <0.001）显着降低和SHBG升高（38.98±11.02 nmol / L，P <0.001）被观察。80％患有PCOS的女性的月经不调得到改善，据报道痤疮的发生率显着降低（32.1％）。结论这种饮食对有或没有PCOS的超重妇女的人体测量和代谢特征具有同等有益的作用。试验注册本研究已在伊朗随机临床试验注册中心（IRCT，代码：IRCT2016092129909N1）中注册。