Invasive plants commonly occupy diverse habitats and thus must adapt to changing environmental pressures through altering their traits and economics spectra, and addressing these patterns and their drivers has an importantly ecological and/or evolutionary significance. However, few studies have considered the role of multiple biotic and abiotic factors in shaping trait variation and spectra. In this study, we determined seven leaf traits of 66 Solidago canadensis populations, and quantified the relative contributions of climate, soil properties, native plant diversity, and S. canadensis–community interactions (in total 16 factors) to leaf trait variation and spectrum with multimodel inference. Overall, the seven leaf traits had high phenotypic variation, and this variation was highest for leaf dry matter content and lowest for leaf carbon concentration. The per capita contribution of climate to the mean leaf trait variation was highest (7.5%), followed by soil properties (6.2%), S. canadensis–community interactions (6.1%), and native plant diversity (5.4%); the dominant factors underlying trait variation varied with leaf traits. Leaf production potential was negatively associated with leaf stress-tolerance potential, and the relative contributions to this trade-off followed in order: native plant diversity (7.7%), climate (6.9%), S. canadensis–community interactions (6.2%), and soil properties (5.6%). Climate, diversity, soil, and interactions had positive, neutral or negative effects. Climate, soil, diversity, and interactions contribute differentially to the leaf trait variation and economics spectrum of S. canadensis, and their relative importance and directions depend on plant functional traits.

中文翻译：

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气候，土壤，多样性和相互作用对加拿大一枝黄花叶片性状变化和光谱的相对贡献

入侵植物通常居住在不同的生境中，因此必须通过改变其特性和经济谱来适应不断变化的环境压力，并应对这些模式及其驱动因素具有重要的生态和/或进化意义。但是，很少有研究考虑多种生物和非生物因素在塑造性状变异和光谱中的作用。在这项研究中，我们确定了66个加拿大加拿大一枝黄花种群的7个叶片性状，并量化了气候，土壤特性，本地植物多样性以及加拿大链球菌-群落相互作用（共16个因素）对叶片性状变异和光谱的相对贡献。多模型推断。总体而言，这七个叶片性状具有较高的表型变异，叶片干物质含量最高，叶片碳浓度最低。气候对人均叶片性状变化的人均贡献最高（7.5％），其次是土壤特性（6.2％），加拿大链球菌-群落相互作用（6.1％）和原生植物多样性（5.4％）；性状变异的主要因素随叶片性状而变化。叶片的生产潜力与叶片的耐逆性潜力呈负相关，其相对权衡依次为：天然植物多样性（7.7％），气候（6.9％），加拿大链球菌与社区的相互作用（6.2％）。 ，以及土壤性质（5.6％）。气候，多样性，土壤和相互作用产生了积极，中性或消极的影响。气候，土壤，多样性，