BACKGOUND Obesity and dyslipidemia are major risk factors associated with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). NAFLD refers to the accumulation of fat in more than 5% of the liver without alcohol consumption. NAFLD is the most common liver disease and is rapidly becoming a global public health problem. Maoberry (Antidesma bunius) is a fruit rich in antioxidants, especially phenolic compounds, which are reported to have benefits for patients with NAFLD. METHODS We evaluated the effect of Maoberry extract on fat metabolism in liver tissues of high fat diet-induced rats. Five (5) groups (n = 12) of male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were divided into those given a high fat diet with no treatment (HF), different dosages of Maoberry extracts (0.38 [ML], 0.76 [MM) and 1.52 [MH] g/kg body weight) and 10 mg/kg statin (STAT). The rats were fed a high fat diet for 4 weeks to induce obesity and subsequently continued more for 12 weeks with treatments of Maoberry extracts or STAT. The levels of triglyceride, liver enzymes, oxidative stress and inflammation markers, triglyceride synthesis regulators, and pathology of the liver in high fat diet-induced rats were investigated. RESULTS Feeding Maoberry extract in MH groups resulted in decreasing levels of serum alanine aminotransferase (ALT), liver triglyceride, liver thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and mRNA expression of tumour necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-6, glycerol-3-phosphate acyltransferase (GPAT)-1 and acetyl-coenzyme A carboxylase (ACC) compared with the HF group (P < 0.05). Moreover, histopathological study of the liver showed reduced fat droplets in the Maoberry extract treatment groups, especially in MH groups and STAT treatment groups. CONCLUSIONS The improvements of fat metabolism in liver tissues of rats fed a high-fat diet were observed in Maoberry extracts treatment groups. The underline mechanism that link to fat metabolism might be through the process accompanied with down-regulated the gene expression of key enzymes of lipid production, antioxidant activity, and anti-inflammation properties of Maoberry extracts which contains high levels of phenolic and flavonoid compounds.

中文翻译：

---

富含抗氧化剂的毛莓（Antidesma bunius）提取物对高脂饮食大鼠肝组织脂肪代谢的潜力。

背景 肥胖和血脂异常是与非酒精性脂肪肝（NAFLD）相关的主要危险因素。NAFLD是指在不饮酒的情况下，肝脏中脂肪堆积超过5%。NAFLD 是最常见的肝脏疾病，正迅速成为全球公共卫生问题。毛莓（Antidesma bunius）是一种富含抗氧化剂的水果，尤其是酚类化合物，据报道它对 NAFLD 患者有益。方法我们评价毛莓提取物对高脂饮食诱导大鼠肝组织脂肪代谢的影响。五 (5) 组 (n = 12) 雄性 Sprague-Dawley (SD) 大鼠分为高脂饮食且未处理 (HF)、不同剂量的毛莓提取物 (0.38 [ML]、0.76 [MM)和 1.52 [MH] g/kg 体重）和 10 mg/kg 他汀类药物（STAT）。给大鼠喂食高脂肪饮食 4 周以诱导肥胖，随后用毛莓提取物或 STAT 治疗持续 12 周。研究了高脂饮食诱导的大鼠中甘油三酯、肝酶、氧化应激和炎症标志物、甘油三酯合成调节剂和肝脏病理学的水平。结果 MH组饲喂毛莓提取物导致血清丙氨酸氨基转移酶（ALT）、肝脏甘油三酯、肝脏硫代巴比妥酸反应物质（TBARS）和肿瘤坏死因子（TNF）-α、白细胞介素（IL）-6、与HF组相比，甘油-3-磷酸酰基转移酶（GPAT）-1和乙酰辅酶A羧化酶（ACC）（P < 0.05）。而且，肝脏的组织病理学研究表明，毛莓提取物治疗组的脂肪滴减少，尤其是 MH 组和 STAT 治疗组。结论毛莓提取物治疗组大鼠高脂饮食后肝组织脂肪代谢得到改善。与脂肪代谢相关的主要机制可能是通过下调含有高水平酚类和类黄酮化合物的毛莓提取物的脂质产生、抗氧化活性和抗炎特性的关键酶的基因表达的过程。