Adipose tissue is a vital tissue in mammals that functions to insulate our bodies, regulate our internal thermostat, protect our organs, store energy (and burn energy, in the case of beige and brown fat), and provide endocrine signals to other organs in the body. Tissue engineering of adipose and other soft tissues may prove essential for people who have lost this tissue from trauma or disease. In this review, we discuss the applications of tissue-engineered adipose tissue specifically for disease modeling applications. We provide a basic background to adipose depots and describe three-dimensional (3D) in vitro adipose models for obesity, diabetes, and cancer research applications. The approaches to engineering 3D adipose models are diverse in terms of scaffold type (hydrogel-based, silk-based and scaffold-free), species of origin (H. sapiens and M. musculus) and cell types used, which allows researchers to choose a model that best fits their application, whether it is optimization of adipocyte differentiation or studying the interaction of adipocytes and other cell types like endothelial cells. In vitro 3D adipose tissue models support discoveries into the mechanisms of adipose-related diseases and thus support the development of novel anti-cancer or anti-obesity/diabetes therapies.

中文翻译：

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用于疾病建模的体外组织工程脂肪结构。


脂肪组织是哺乳动物的重要组织，其功能是隔离我们的身体、调节我们的内部恒温器、保护我们的器官、储存能量（在米色和棕色脂肪的情况下燃烧能量），并向体内的其他器官提供内分泌信号。身体。脂肪和其他软组织的组织工程对于因创伤或疾病而失去这些组织的人来说可能至关重要。在这篇综述中，我们讨论了组织工程脂肪组织专门用于疾病建模应用的应用。我们提供脂肪库的基本背景，并描述用于肥胖、糖尿病和癌症研究应用的三维 (3D) 体外脂肪模型。工程 3D 脂肪模型的方法在支架类型（基于水凝胶、基于丝和无支架）、起源物种（智人和小肌）和使用的细胞类型方面各不相同，这使得研究人员可以选择最适合其应用的模型，无论是优化脂肪细胞分化还是研究脂肪细胞与其他细胞类型（如内皮细胞）的相互作用。体外 3D 脂肪组织模型支持脂肪相关疾病机制的发现，从而支持新型抗癌或抗肥胖/糖尿病疗法的开发。