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Plasma cytokine profiles associated with rhodesiense sleeping sickness and falciparum malaria co-infection in North Eastern Uganda
Allergy, Asthma & Clinical Immunology ( IF 2.6 ) Pub Date : 2019-10-30 , DOI: 10.1186/s13223-019-0377-7
Julius Nsubuga 1 , Charles Drago Kato 1 , Ann Nanteza 1 , Enock Matovu 1 , Vincent Pius Alibu 2
Affiliation  

Immunological Human African Trypanosomiasis (HAT) studies often exclude malaria, although both infections overlap in specific endemic areas. During this co-infection, it is not known whether this parasitic interaction induces synergistic or antagonistic cytokine response among humans. This study determined prevalence of Plasmodium falciparum malaria among Trypanosoma brucei rhodesiense HAT and plasma cytokine profile levels associated with HAT and/or malaria infections. Participants were recruited at Lwala hospital in north eastern Uganda: healthy controls (30), malaria (28), HAT (17), HAT and malaria (15) diagnosed by microscopy and PCR was carried out for parasite species identification. Plasma cytokine levels of Interferon-gamma (IFN-γ), Tumour Necrosis Factor-alpha (TNF-α), Interleukin (IL)-6, IL-10 and Transforming Growth Factor-beta (TGF-β) were measured by sandwich Enzyme-Linked Immuno Sorbent Assay and data statistically analysed using Graphpad Prism 6.0. The prevalence of P. falciparum malaria among T. rhodesiense HAT cases was high (46.8%). Malaria and/or HAT cases presented significant higher plasma cytokine levels of IFN-γ, TNF-α, IL-6, IL-10 and TGF-β than healthy controls (P < 0.05). Levels of IFN-γ, IL-6 and IL-10 were significantly elevated in HAT over malaria (P < 0.05) but no significant difference in TNF-α and TGF-β between HAT and malaria (P > 0.05). Co-infection expressed significantly higher plasma IFN-γ, IL-6, and IL-10 levels than malaria (P < 0.05) but no significant difference with HAT mono-infection (P > 0.05). The TNF-α level was significantly elevated in co-infection over HAT or malaria mono-infections (P < 0.05) unlike TGF-β level. Significant positive correlations were identified between IFN-γ verses TNF-α and IL-6 verses IL-10 in co-infection (Spearman’s P < 0.05). The T. b. rhodesiense significantly induced the cytokine response more than P. falciparum infections. Co-infection led to synergistic stimulation of pro-inflammatory (IFN-γ, TNF-α), and anti-inflammatory (IL-6, and IL-10) cytokine responses relative to malaria mono-infection. Level of TNF-α partially indicates the effect induced by T. b. rhodesiense and P. falciparum mono-infections or a synergistic interaction of co-infections which may have adverse effects on pathogenesis, prognosis and resolution of the infections. Trial registration VCD-IRC/021, 26/08/2011; HS 1089, 16/01/2012

中文翻译:


乌干达东北部与罗得西亚昏睡病和恶性疟疾混合感染相关的血浆细胞因子谱



免疫学人类非洲锥虫病 (HAT) 研究通常排除疟疾,尽管两种感染在特定流行地区有重叠。在这种共同感染期间,尚不清楚这种寄生相互作用是否会在人类中诱导协同或拮抗的细胞因子反应。本研究确定了罗得西亚布氏锥虫 HAT 中恶性疟原虫疟疾的患病率以及与 HAT 和/或疟疾感染相关的血浆细胞因子谱水平。参与者在乌干达东北部的卢瓦拉医院招募:健康对照(30)、疟疾(28)、HAT(17)、HAT和疟疾(15)通过显微镜诊断,并进行PCR以鉴定寄生虫种类。通过夹心酶测量干扰素-γ (IFN-γ)、肿瘤坏死因子-α (TNF-α)、白细胞介素 (IL)-6、IL-10 和转化生长因子-β (TGF-β) 的血浆细胞因子水平-使用 Graphpad Prism 6.0 进行关联免疫吸附测定和数据统计分析。罗德西亚疟原虫 HAT 病例中恶性疟原虫疟疾的患病率很高(46.8%)。疟疾和/或 HAT 病例的 IFN-γ、TNF-α、IL-6、IL-10 和 TGF-β 血浆细胞因子水平显着高于健康对照(P < 0.05)。与疟疾相比,HAT 中的 IFN-γ、IL-6 和 IL-10 水平显着升高(P < 0.05),但 HAT 和疟疾中的 TNF-α 和 TGF-β 水平无显着差异(P > 0.05)。合并感染的血浆 IFN-γ、IL-6 和 IL-10 水平显着高于疟疾 (P < 0.05),但与 HAT 单一感染无显着差异 (P > 0.05)。与 TGF-β 水平不同,共感染中的 TNF-α 水平显着高于 HAT 或疟疾单一感染 (P < 0.05)。 在合并感染中,IFN-γ 与 TNF-α 以及 IL-6 与 IL-10 之间存在显着正相关性(Spearman's P < 0.05)。 T. b.罗德岛病毒比恶性疟原虫感染更能显着诱导细胞因子反应。相对于疟疾单一感染,联合感染可协同刺激促炎(IFN-γ、TNF-α)和抗炎(IL-6 和 IL-10)细胞因子反应。 TNF-α 水平部分表明了 T. b. 诱导的效应。罗德西亚和恶性疟原虫单一感染或联合感染的协同相互作用可能对感染的发病机制、预后和消退产生不利影响。试用注册VCD-IRC/021, 26/08/2011; HS 1089,2012 年 1 月 16 日
更新日期:2020-04-22
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