This study examined whether infants aged 0–3 months exhibited long-term effects of using a moisturizer skincare intervention and whether a short-term skin problem resulted in the subsequent development of food allergies or atopic dermatitis (AD) until the age of 2 years. This study was a follow-up of a completed randomized control trial (RCT) of moisturizer skincare for infants aged 0–3 months. A self-reported questionnaire was mailed to the parents of children aged 1–2 years who had participated in the RCT. Data were analyzed using a Chi square test, by intention to treat analysis, and by multiple logistic regression. Of 155 infants, 22 (14.2%) and 28 (18.1%) had food allergies and AD/eczema until 2 years of age, respectively. No significant difference was seen in food allergies or AD between the group that received moisturizer skincare intervention and the control group. On the contrary, food allergies until 2 years of age were significantly associated with short-term (4–7 days) and long-term (more than 7 days) body skin problems occurring in the first 3 months of life, a family history of AD, and the time of starting complementary food. High value of face transepidermal water loss at 3 months of age was also associated with food allergies. Moreover, a short duration of severe diaper dermatitis during the first 3 months, a family history of AD, and being male were significantly associated with AD/eczema until the age of 2 years. After adjusting for family history of AD, a short-term skin problem in the first 3 months of life was significantly associated with the development of food allergies or AD/eczema until the age of 2 years. Prevention or prompt treatment of skin problems in newborns is essential for preventing future allergic diseases. Trial registration This was a follow-up study conducted 2 years after the completed RCT of a moisturizer skincare intervention for early infants, which was registered in the University Hospital Medical Information Network Clinical Trials Registry (UMIN000013260)

中文翻译：

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在普通人群的婴儿中，0-3 个月大的婴儿的短期皮肤问题会影响 2 岁之前的食物过敏或特应性皮炎

这项研究检查了 0-3 个月大的婴儿是否表现出使用保湿护肤干预的长期影响，以及短期皮肤问题是否会导致随后发展为食物过敏或特应性皮炎 (AD)，直到 2 岁。本研究是一项针对 0-3 个月大的婴儿保湿护肤品的随机对照试验 (RCT) 的后续研究。将一份自我报告的问卷邮寄给参与 RCT 的 1-2 岁儿童的父母。使用卡方检验、意向治疗分析和多元逻辑回归分析数据。在 155 名婴儿中，22 名 (14.2%) 和 28 名 (18.1%) 分别有食物过敏和 AD/湿疹直到 2 岁。接受保湿护肤干预的组与对照组的食物过敏或 AD 无显着差异。相反，直到 2 岁的食物过敏与出生后 3 个月内发生的短期（4-7 天）和长期（7 天以上）身体皮肤问题显着相关，家族史AD，以及开始辅食的时间。3个月大时面部经表皮水分流失的高值也与食物过敏有关。此外，前 3 个月的短期严重尿布皮炎、AD 家族史和男性与 AD/湿疹显着相关，直到 2 岁。调整 AD 家族史后，出生前 3 个月的短期皮肤问题与 2 岁之前的食物过敏或 AD/湿疹的发展显着相关。预防或及时治疗新生儿皮肤问题对于预防未来的过敏性疾病至关重要。试验注册这是一项在完成早期婴儿保湿护肤干预的 RCT 后 2 年进行的后续研究，该研究已在大学医院医学信息网络临床试验注册中心 (UMIN000013260) 注册