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Selenocysteine Substitution in a Class I Ribonucleotide Reductase.
Biochemistry ( IF 2.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-06 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.biochem.9b00973
Brandon L Greene 1 , JoAnne Stubbe , Daniel G Nocera 2
Affiliation  

Ribonucleotide reductases (RNRs) employ a complex radical-based mechanism during nucleotide reduction involving multiple active site cysteines that both activate the substrate and reduce it. Using an engineered allo-tRNA, we substituted two active site cysteines with distinct function in the class Ia RNR of Escherichia coli for selenocysteine (U) via amber codon suppression, with efficiency and selectivity enabling biochemical and biophysical studies. Examination of the interactions of the C439U α2 mutant protein with nucleotide substrates and the cognate β2 subunit demonstrates that the endogenous Y122• of β2 is reduced under turnover conditions, presumably through radical transfer to form a transient U439• species. This putative U439• species is formed in a kinetically competent fashion but is incapable of initiating nucleotide reduction via 3'-H abstraction. An analogous C225U α2 protein is also capable of radical transfer from Y122•, but the radical-based substrate chemistry partitions between turnover and stalled reduction akin to the reactivity of mechanism-based inhibitors of RNR. The results collectively demonstrate the essential role of cysteine redox chemistry in the class I RNRs and establish a new tool for investigating thiyl radical reactivity in biology.

中文翻译:

I类核糖核苷酸还原酶中的硒代半胱氨酸替代。

核糖核苷酸还原酶(RNR)在核苷酸还原过程中采用了复杂的基于自由基的机制,涉及多个激活位点半胱氨酸,这些半胱氨酸既激活底物又还原底物。使用工程改造的异源tRNA,我们通过琥珀色密码子抑制作用将大肠杆菌Ia RNR类中具有独特功能的两个活性位点半胱氨酸替换为硒代半胱氨酸(U),其效率和选择性使得能够进行生化和生物物理研究。对C439Uα2突变蛋白与核苷酸底物和相关的β2亚基的相互作用的研究表明,β2的内源性Y122•在翻转条件下减少了,大概是通过自由基转移形成了一个瞬时U439•物质。该假定的U439•物种以动力学上合适的方式形成,但无法通过3'-H抽象引发核苷酸还原。类似的C225Uα2蛋白也能够从Y122•进行自由基转移,但是基于自由基的底物化学作用在周转和停滞的还原之间进行分配,类似于基于RNR的机理抑制剂的反应性。这些结果共同证明了半胱氨酸氧化还原化学在I类RNR中的重要作用,并建立了研究生物学上硫代自由基反应性的新工具。
更新日期:2019-12-07
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