Perovskite solar cells (PSCs) are one of the highly promising new‐generation photovoltaic technologies. One of the remaining challenges for commercializing PSCs is to prepare high‐quality, large‐area perovskite films in an ambient atmosphere reproducibly using less toxic materials. Herein, a nonvolatile, less toxic substance, 2‐pyrrolidinone (2P), is used as a complexant solvent for the perovskite precursor solution. Combining this with a newly developed spin‐assisted solvent extraction (SASE) crystallization method, a high‐quality perovskite film is prepared in air reproducibly. The nonvolatile nature of 2P and the formation of MAI–PbI₂–2P adduct widen the time window for antisolvent engineering, and SASE enhances the solvent exchange rate of the precursor film to form a high‐quality perovskite film in air. An inverted cell (based on the postsolvent‐treated perovskite absorber) exhibits a power conversion efficiency of more than 18%. This film preparation method is feasible for depositing a high‐quality mixed‐cation or mixed‐cation, mixed‐halide perovskite film on both PEDOT:PSS and TiO₂ surfaces to fabricate inverted and regular PSCs, respectively, to achieve efficiencies of more than 16%. More importantly, high‐quality, large‐area MAPbI₃ film is prepared reproducibly in air for fabricating perovskite submodules to achieve an efficiency of 14% (verified at 13.04% after the cell is packed for efficiency evaluation).

中文翻译：

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高度稳定的FAxMA1 − xPbI3 − xBrx–2P前体，用于在环境大气中结晶高质量，大面积的钙钛矿薄膜

钙钛矿太阳能电池（PSC）是极有前途的新一代光伏技术之一。使PSC商用的剩余挑战之一是在环境大气中使用毒性较小的材料可再现地制备高质量，大面积的钙钛矿薄膜。在本文中，使用不挥发，毒性较小的物质2-吡咯烷酮（2P）作为钙钛矿前体溶液的络合溶剂。将其与新开发的自旋辅助溶剂萃取（SASE）结晶方法相结合，可在空气中可再现地制备高质量的钙钛矿薄膜。2P的非易失性和MAI–PbI ₂的形成–2P加合物拓宽了抗溶剂工程的时间范围，而SASE可提高前体薄膜的溶剂交换速率，从而在空气中形成高质量的钙钛矿薄膜。倒置电池（基于溶剂后处理的钙钛矿吸收剂）显示出超过18％的功率转换效率。这种膜的制备方法对于在PEDOT：PSS和TiO _2的两个表面上沉积高质量的混合阳离子或混合阳离子，混合卤化物的钙钛矿膜是可行的，以分别制造倒立的和常规的PSC，以实现超过16的效率。 ％。更重要的是，可在空气中可复制地制备高质量，大面积的MAPbI ₃膜，用于制造钙钛矿子模块，以达到14％的效率（在包装好电池以进行效率评估后，验证效率为13.04％）。