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Sex-differences in physiological and oxidative stress responses and heavy metals burden in the black jaw tilapia, Sarotherodon melanotheron from a tropical freshwater dam (Nigeria).
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C: Toxicology & Pharmacology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108676 Aina O Adeogun 1 , Oju R Ibor 2 , Roseline Omiwole 1 , Azubuike V Chukwuka 1 , Adeola H Adewale 1 , Omobolanle Kumuyi 1 , Augustine Arukwe 3
Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology C: Toxicology & Pharmacology ( IF 3.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-26 , DOI: 10.1016/j.cbpc.2019.108676 Aina O Adeogun 1 , Oju R Ibor 2 , Roseline Omiwole 1 , Azubuike V Chukwuka 1 , Adeola H Adewale 1 , Omobolanle Kumuyi 1 , Augustine Arukwe 3
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Black jaw tilapia (S. melanotheron) collected from Awba Dam (a watershed recipient of effluents from anthropogenic sources) was analysed for biological responses and trace metal burden with the aim of evaluating sex differences in these responses as a measure of environmental and biota health status. Concentration of heavy metals in fish muscle were analysed and showed values above WHO permissible limits for food. Physiological and biochemical responses (AST, ALT, ALP, total protein, albumin, globulin, BUN, Na+, K+ and creatinine) showed apparent sex-related differences. Among antioxidant defence system, mt mRNA and proteins showed higher levels in male S. melanotheron. CAT and GPx activities were significantly higher in males than in female fish, while the corresponding mRNA showed an opposite trend with higher transcripts in females than males. Further, while GST activity was apparently higher in females, GR activity was significantly higher in males, compared to female fish. ZnCu-sod mRNA showed significantly higher transcript levels in males, than females. Overall, the trend in these biological responses showed direct relationship with heavy metal concentrations in fish muscle and sediment. These relationships were revealed using PCA that produced significant groupings between physiological, biochemical and oxidative stress variables and muscle/sediment trace element burden. Specifically, the PCA biplots showed that these biological variables were due to the presence of the heavy metals in the dam. Therefore, the sex differences in the measured cellular adaptations of S. melanotheron in relation to the toxic conditions at the dam may have significant consequences on osmotic balance and cellular processes that regulate biochemical/antioxidant responses towards metabolism, behaviour, growth, reproduction and survival of Awba dam resident fish species. Thus, these responses should be compared to a suitable reference site to discern the extent of effects of the Awba Dam biota for monitoring purposes.
中文翻译：
来自热带淡水水坝（尼日利亚）的黑颚罗非鱼（Sarotherodon melanotheron）在生理和氧化应激反应以及重金属负荷方面的性别差异。
分析了从Awba大坝（人为源废水的分水岭接收者）收集的黑颚罗非鱼（S. melanotheron）的生物学响应和痕量金属负荷，目的是评估这些响应中的性别差异，以衡量环境和生物区的健康状况。对鱼肌肉中的重金属浓度进行了分析，结果表明其含量超过了世卫组织允许的食品限量。生理和生化反应（AST，ALT，ALP，总蛋白，白蛋白，球蛋白，BUN，Na +，K +和肌酐）显示出明显的性别相关差异。在抗氧化防御系统中，雄性S. melanotheron中的mt mRNA和蛋白水平较高。雄性中的CAT和GPx活性显着高于雌性鱼，而相应的mRNA显示相反的趋势，雌性中的转录本高于雄性。此外，虽然雌鱼的GST活性明显较高，但雄鱼的GR活性明显高于雌鱼。ZnCu-sod mRNA在雄性中的转录水平显着高于雌性。总体而言，这些生物学反应的趋势表明与鱼肌肉和沉积物中重金属的浓度直接相关。使用PCA揭示了这些关系，该PCA在生理，生化和氧化应激变量与肌肉/沉积物微量元素负荷之间产生了显着的分组。具体而言，PCA双线图显示这些生物学变量是由于大坝中存在重金属所致。因此，在测量的S细胞适应性中存在性别差异。与大坝中毒性条件有关的黑色素可能对渗透平衡和调节生物化学/抗氧化剂对Awba大坝居民鱼类的代谢，行为，生长，繁殖和生存的生化/抗氧化反应的细胞过程产生重大影响。因此，应将这些响应与合适的参考位点进行比较，以识别Awba大坝生物区系对监测的影响程度。
更新日期：2019-11-27
中文翻译：
来自热带淡水水坝（尼日利亚）的黑颚罗非鱼（Sarotherodon melanotheron）在生理和氧化应激反应以及重金属负荷方面的性别差异。
分析了从Awba大坝（人为源废水的分水岭接收者）收集的黑颚罗非鱼（S. melanotheron）的生物学响应和痕量金属负荷，目的是评估这些响应中的性别差异，以衡量环境和生物区的健康状况。对鱼肌肉中的重金属浓度进行了分析，结果表明其含量超过了世卫组织允许的食品限量。生理和生化反应（AST，ALT，ALP，总蛋白，白蛋白，球蛋白，BUN，Na +，K +和肌酐）显示出明显的性别相关差异。在抗氧化防御系统中，雄性S. melanotheron中的mt mRNA和蛋白水平较高。雄性中的CAT和GPx活性显着高于雌性鱼，而相应的mRNA显示相反的趋势，雌性中的转录本高于雄性。此外，虽然雌鱼的GST活性明显较高，但雄鱼的GR活性明显高于雌鱼。ZnCu-sod mRNA在雄性中的转录水平显着高于雌性。总体而言，这些生物学反应的趋势表明与鱼肌肉和沉积物中重金属的浓度直接相关。使用PCA揭示了这些关系，该PCA在生理，生化和氧化应激变量与肌肉/沉积物微量元素负荷之间产生了显着的分组。具体而言，PCA双线图显示这些生物学变量是由于大坝中存在重金属所致。因此，在测量的S细胞适应性中存在性别差异。与大坝中毒性条件有关的黑色素可能对渗透平衡和调节生物化学/抗氧化剂对Awba大坝居民鱼类的代谢，行为，生长，繁殖和生存的生化/抗氧化反应的细胞过程产生重大影响。因此，应将这些响应与合适的参考位点进行比较，以识别Awba大坝生物区系对监测的影响程度。
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