Recent conceptualisations of resilience have advanced the notion that it is a dynamic and multifaceted construct. However, its adaptive components, especially those forged by adversity, have not been fully realised, and its neurobiological and psychosocial underpinnings are yet to be meaningfully integrated. In part, this is because a developmental perspective is often neglected in the formulation of resilience. In this review, we consider the findings of resilience research, with a specific emphasis on the developmental period of adolescence. To bridge the gaps in our current understanding, we propose a model of resilience that is predicated on experiencing adversity. Specifically, our model provides a sophisticated insight into the components of resilience, which, together with intrinsic features, involves facilitation of, and skill acquisition via strengthening processes we term tempering and fortification. The model also points to the potential trajectories of adversity-driven resilience and forms the basis of a framework that allows for individual variance in resilience, and the identification of both neurobiological and psychosocial targets for prevention and therapeutic interventions.

中文翻译：

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在青春期和逆境中建立抗灾力建模：一个新颖的框架，可为研究和实践提供参考。

弹性的最新概念化提出了这样的概念，即弹性是一种动态的，多方面的结构。但是，它的适应性成分，特别是那些由逆境造就的成分，尚未得到充分认识，其神经生物学和社会心理基础仍未得到有意义的整合。在某种程度上，这是因为在制定弹性时常常忽略了发展的观点。在这篇综述中，我们考虑了复原力研究的发现，特别着重于青春期的发育时期。为了弥合我们目前的理解差距，我们提出了一个以逆境为基础的韧性模型。具体来说，我们的模型提供了对弹性组成部分的深入洞察，这些组成部分与内在功能一起可促进以下方面的工作：通过强化过程获得技能和技能，我们称其为回火和设防。该模型还指出了逆境驱动的复原力的潜在轨迹，并形成了框架的基础，该框架允许个体复原力的差异，并确定了预防和治疗干预措施的神经生物学和社会心理目标。