Histamine (scombroid) poisoning is a foodborne illness caused by ingestion of histamine-contaminated seafood; therefore, inhibition of the growth of histamine-producing bacteria is key for it prevention. Infection of pathogenic bacteria by bacteriophages (phages) is being developed to prevent multiple foodborne illnesses. Here, we describe the inhibitory effect of a phage mixture on growth and histamine accumulation of Morganella morganii subsp. morganii, the primary causative agent of histamine poisoning in fish meat. We isolated novel two phages, ΦMV-1 and ΦMV-4, which infected M. morganii subsp. morganii strains tested in this study. ΦMV-1 and ΦMV-4 belong to family Myoviridae. Pulsed-field gel electrophoresis revealed that these phages are jumbo bacteriophages with large genomes. The latent period, rise period and burst size of ΦMV-1 were 30 min, 60 min, and 224 PFU per infected cell, respectively, and those of ΦMV-4 were 60 min, 50 min, and 62 PFU per infected cell, respectively. A mixture of ΦMV-1 and ΦMV-4 effectively prevented regrowth of M. morganii subsp. morganii after phage treatment, suggesting that the phage mixture treatment is more effective for inhibition of growth and histamine accumulation by M. morganii subsp. morganii than single phage treatment. Treatment with phage mixture inhibited growth and histamine accumulation by M. morganii subsp. morganii in canned and fresh tuna. The phage mixture might be an effective way to prevent growth of the histamine producer and accumulation of histamine in seafood.

中文翻译：

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新型巨型噬菌体ΦMV-1和ΦMV-4联合使用对摩根氏摩根氏菌亚种的抑制作用。摩根氏菌的生长和组胺的积累。

组胺（类Combroid）中毒是一种食源性疾病，是由于摄入受组胺污染的海鲜而引起的；因此，抑制产生组胺的细菌的生长是防止其生长的关键。为了预防多种食源性疾病，正在开发通过噬菌体（噬菌体）感染病原细菌的方法。在这里，我们描述了一种噬菌体混合物对摩根氏摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累的抑制作用。摩根氏菌，鱼肉中组胺中毒的主要病因。我们分离了两个新型噬菌体ΦMV-1和ΦMV-4，它们感染了M. morganii亚种。在这项研究中测试的摩根氏菌菌株。ΦMV-1和ΦMV-4属于肌病毒科。脉冲场凝胶电泳显示这些噬菌体是具有大基因组的巨型噬菌体。潜伏期 ΦMV-1的上升周期和爆发大小分别为每个感染细胞30分钟，60分钟和224 PFU，而ΦMV-4的上升周期和爆发大小分别为每个感染细胞60分钟，50分钟和62 PFU。ΦMV-1和ΦMV-4的混合物可有效防止摩根分枝杆菌亚种的再生。噬菌体处理后的摩根氏菌，表明噬菌体混合物处理更有效地抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根氏菌比单噬菌体治疗。用噬菌体混合物处理抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根罐头和新鲜金枪鱼。噬菌体混合物可能是防止组胺生产者生长和组胺在海鲜中积累的有效方法。分别。ΦMV-1和ΦMV-4的混合物可有效防止摩根分枝杆菌亚种的再生。噬菌体处理后的摩根氏菌，表明噬菌体混合物处理更有效地抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根氏菌比单噬菌体治疗。用噬菌体混合物处理抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根罐头和新鲜金枪鱼。噬菌体混合物可能是防止组胺生产者生长和组胺在海鲜中积累的有效方法。分别。ΦMV-1和ΦMV-4的混合物可有效防止摩根分枝杆菌亚种的再生。噬菌体处理后的摩根氏菌，表明噬菌体混合物处理更有效地抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根氏菌比单噬菌体治疗。用噬菌体混合物处理抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根罐头和新鲜金枪鱼。噬菌体混合物可能是防止组胺生产者生长和组胺在海鲜中积累的有效方法。摩根氏菌比单噬菌体治疗。用噬菌体混合物处理抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根罐头和新鲜金枪鱼。噬菌体混合物可能是防止组胺生产者生长和组胺在海鲜中积累的有效方法。摩根氏菌比单噬菌体治疗。用噬菌体混合物处理抑制了摩根氏菌亚种的生长和组胺积累。摩根罐头和新鲜金枪鱼。噬菌体混合物可能是防止组胺生产者生长和组胺在海鲜中积累的有效方法。