In agriculture, plant transformation is a versatile platform for crop improvement with the aim of increased pest resistance and an improved nutrient profile. Nanotechnology can overcome several challenges that face conventional methods of gene delivery. Specifically, nanomaterials offer an optimal platform for biomolecule delivery with unique physiochemical properties as well as the ability to traverse the challenging barrier of the plant cell wall. We review the potential of diverse nanovehicles for biomolecule delivery in plant systems to obtain desired genetic traits. The efficacy of nanoparticles against pests or pathogens is also explored, as well as the interaction of nanovehicles with plant organelles, with due consideration of the effects and toxic profile of nanoparticles.

在农业中，植物转化是提高作物抗虫性和改善养分特征的通用平台。纳米技术可以克服传统基因传递方法面临的若干挑战。具体而言，纳米材料提供了具有独特的理化特性以及穿越植物细胞壁具有挑战性的屏障的能力的生物分子传递的最佳平台。我们审查了在植物系统中获得所需遗传性状的各种纳米载体生物分子传递的潜力。还充分考虑了纳米颗粒的作用和毒性，探索了纳米颗粒对害虫或病原体的功效，以及纳米载体与植物细胞器的相互作用。