Zebrafish can efficiently regenerate complex tissue structures with a highly developed innate and adaptive immune system, which provides a model to investigate the roles of immune cells in tissue repair and regeneration. Two groups recently reported zebrafish mutants deficient in a forkhead box P3 (FOXP3) ortholog, which helped reveal the conserved immunosuppressive function of zebrafish FOXP3 in vivo. Zebrafish FOXP3 defines the development of a subset of T cell lineage with the conserved gene expression profile of mammalian regulatory T cells (Tregs). In damaged organs, zebrafish Tregs rapidly migrate to the injury site, where they promote the proliferation of regeneration precursor cells by producing tissue-specific regenerative factors through a distinct mechanism from the canonical anti-inflammatory pathway. These findings illuminate the potential for using zebrafish as an effective model in Treg research and demonstrate organ-specific roles for Tregs in maintaining proregenerative capacity that could potentially be harnessed for use in diverse regeneration therapies.

中文翻译：

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斑马鱼调节性T细胞在器官再生中的新功能。

斑马鱼可以利用高度发达的先天和适应性免疫系统有效地再生复杂的组织结构，这为研究免疫细胞在组织修复和再生中的作用提供了一个模型。两组最近报告了缺乏叉头盒P3（FOXP3）直系同源物的斑马鱼突变体，这有助于揭示体内斑马鱼FOXP3的保守免疫抑制功能。斑马鱼FOXP3用哺乳动物调节性T细胞（Tregs）的保守基因表达谱定义了T细胞谱系亚群的发育。在受损器官中，斑马鱼Tregs迅速迁移至损伤部位，在那里它们通过与典型抗炎途径不同的机制产生组织特异性再生因子，从而促进再生前体细胞的增殖。