Inorganic nanoparticles as a versatile nanoplatform have been broadly applied in the diagnosis and treatment of cancers due to their inherent superior physicochemical properties (including magnetic, thermal, optical, and catalytic performance) and excellent functions (e.g., imaging, targeted delivery, and controlled release of drugs) through surface functional modification or ingredient dopant. However, in practical biological applications, inorganic nanomaterials are relatively difficult to degrade and excrete, which induces a long residence time in living organisms and thus may cause adverse effects, such as inflammation and tissue cysts. Therefore, the development of biodegradable inorganic nanomaterials is of great significance for their biomedical application. This Review will focus on the recent advances of degradable inorganic nanoparticles for cancer theranostics with highlight on the degradation mechanism, aiming to offer an in-depth understanding of degradation behavior and related biomedical applications. Finally, key challenges and guidelines will be discussed to explore biodegradable inorganic nanomaterials with minimized toxicity issues, facilitating their potential clinical translation in cancer diagnosis and treatment.

中文翻译：

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用于癌症治疗学的可生物降解的无机纳米颗粒：降解行为的见解。

无机纳米粒子作为一种通用的纳米平台，由于其固有的优越的理化特性（包括磁，热，光学和催化性能）和出色的功能（例如成像，靶向递送和控释），已被广泛应用于癌症的诊断和治疗。药物）通过表面功能改性或成分掺杂剂。然而，在实际的生物应用中，无机纳米材料相对难以降解和排泄，这导致在生物体中的停留时间较长，因此可能引起不良反应，例如炎症和组织囊肿。因此，可生物降解的无机纳米材料的开发对其生物医学应用具有重要意义。这篇综述将聚焦于可降解无机纳米颗粒用于癌症治疗学的最新进展，并着重介绍其降解机理，旨在提供对降解行为和相关生物医学应用的深入了解。最后，将讨论关键挑战和指南，以探索具有最小毒性问题的可生物降解的无机纳米材料，从而促进其在癌症诊断和治疗中的潜在临床翻译。