In recent years, increasing evidence has accumulated supporting the health benefits of extra virgin olive oil (EVOO). Previous studies showed that EVOO supplementation improves Alzheimer's disease (AD)‐like amyloidotic phenotype of transgenic mice. However, while much attention has been focused on EVOO‐mediated modulation of Aβ processing, its direct influence on tau metabolism in vivo and synaptic function is still poorly characterized. In this study, we investigated the effect of chronic supplementation of EVOO on the phenotype of a relevant mouse model of tauopathy, human transgenic tau mice (hTau). Starting at 6 months of age, hTau mice were fed chow diet supplemented with EVOO or vehicle for additional 6 months, and then the effect on their phenotype was assessed. At the end of the treatment, compared with control mice receiving EVOO displayed improved memory and cognition which was associated with increased basal synaptic activity and short‐term plasticity. This effect was accompanied by an upregulation of complexin 1, a key presynaptic protein. Moreover, EVOO treatment resulted in a significant reduction of tau oligomers and phosphorylated tau at specific epitopes. Our findings demonstrate that EVOO directly improves synaptic activity, short‐term plasticity, and memory while decreasing tau neuropathology in the hTau mice. These results strengthen the healthy benefits of EVOO and further support the therapeutic potential of this natural product not only for AD but also for primary tauopathies.

中文翻译：

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特级初榨橄榄油可改善tauopathy模型中的突触活性，短期可塑性，记忆力和神经病理学。

近年来，越来越多的证据支持特级初榨橄榄油（EVOO）的健康益处。先前的研究表明，补充EVOO可以改善转基因小鼠的阿尔茨海默氏病（AD）样淀粉样变性表型。然而，尽管注意力集中在EVOO介导的Aβ加工调控上，但其对体内tau代谢和突触功能的直接影响仍然很差。在这项研究中，我们调查了长期补充EVOO对tauopathy相关小鼠模型，人类转基因tau小鼠（hTau）表型的影响。从6个月大开始，向hTau小鼠喂以补充EVOO或赋形剂的食物，再喂养6个月，然后评估对其表型的影响。在治疗结束时，与接受EVOO的对照小鼠相比，其记忆和认知能力得到改善，这与基础突触活性和短期可塑性增强有关。这种作用伴随着复合蛋白1（一种关键的突触前蛋白）的上调。此外，EVOO处理导致特定表位的tau低聚物和磷酸化tau显着减少。我们的发现表明，EVOO可直接改善hTau小鼠的tau神经病理学，同时改善其突触活性，短期可塑性和记忆力。这些结果增强了EVOO的健康益处，并进一步支持了这种天然产品的治疗潜力，不仅可用于AD，而且还可用于原发性口疮。这种作用伴随着关键的突触前蛋白Complexin 1的上调。此外，EVOO处理导致特定表位的tau低聚物和磷酸化tau显着减少。我们的发现表明，EVOO可直接改善hTau小鼠的tau神经病理学，同时改善其突触活性，短期可塑性和记忆力。这些结果增强了EVOO的健康益处，并进一步支持了这种天然产品的治疗潜力，不仅可用于AD，而且还可用于原发性口疮。这种作用伴随着复合蛋白1（一种关键的突触前蛋白）的上调。此外，EVOO处理导致特定表位的tau低聚物和磷酸化tau显着减少。我们的发现表明，EVOO可直接改善hTau小鼠的tau神经病理学，同时改善其突触活性，短期可塑性和记忆力。这些结果增强了EVOO的健康益处，并进一步支持了这种天然产品的治疗潜力，不仅可用于AD，而且还可用于原发性口疮。和记忆，同时降低hTau小鼠的tau神经病理学。这些结果增强了EVOO的健康益处，并进一步支持了这种天然产品的治疗潜力，不仅可用于AD，而且还可用于原发性口疮。和记忆，同时降低hTau小鼠的tau神经病理学。这些结果增强了EVOO的健康益处，并进一步支持了这种天然产品的治疗潜力，不仅可用于AD，而且还可用于原发性口疮。