The TRPM (transient receptor potential melastatin) family belongs to the superfamily of TRP cation channels. The TRPM subfamily is composed of eight members that are involved in diverse biological functions such as temperature sensing, inflammation, insulin secretion, and redox sensing. Since the first cloning of TRPM1 in 1998, tremendous progress has been made uncovering the function, structure, and pharmacology of this family. Complete structures of TRPM2, TRPM4, and TRPM8, as well as a partial structure of TRPM7, have been determined by cryo-EM, providing insights into their channel assembly, ion permeation, gating mechanisms, and structural pharmacology. Here we summarize the current knowledge about channel structure, emphasizing general features and principles of the structure of TRPM channels discovered since 2017. We also discuss some of the key unresolved issues in the field, including the molecular mechanisms underlying voltage and temperature dependence, as well as the functions of the TRPM channels' C-terminal domains.

中文翻译：

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TRPM系列离子通道的结构概述。

TRPM（瞬时受体电位褪黑素）家族属于TRP阳离子通道的超家族。TRPM亚家族由八个成员组成，这些成员涉及多种生物学功能，例如温度感测，炎症，胰岛素分泌和氧化还原感测。自1998年首次克隆TRPM1以来，在揭示该家族的功能，结构和药理学方面已取得了巨大进步。cryo-EM已经确定了TRPM2，TRPM4和TRPM8的完整结构，以及TRPM7的部分结构，从而提供了有关其通道组装，离子渗透，门控机制和结构药理学的见识。在这里，我们总结了有关通道结构的当前知识，强调了自2017年以来发现的TRPM通道结构的一般特征和原理。