Thermal detectors, such as bolometric, pyroelectric and thermoelectric devices, are uniquely capable of sensing incident radiation for any electromagnetic frequency; however, the response times of practical devices are typically on the millisecond scale1-7. By integrating a plasmonic metasurface with an aluminium nitride pyroelectric thin film, we demonstrate spectrally selective, room-temperature pyroelectric detectors from 660-2,000 nm with an instrument-limited 1.7 ns full width at half maximum and 700 ps rise time. Heat generated from light absorption diffuses through the subwavelength absorber into the pyroelectric film producing responsivities up to 0.18 V W-1 due to the temperature-dependent spontaneous polarization of the pyroelectric films. Moreover, finite-element simulations reveal the possibility of reaching a 25 ps full width at half maximum and 6 ps rise time rivalling that of semiconductor photodiodes8. This design approach has the potential to realize large-area, inexpensive gigahertz pyroelectric detectors for wavelength-specific detection from the ultraviolet to short-wave infrared or beyond for, for example, high-speed hyperspectral imaging.

中文翻译：

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具有片上光谱滤光片的超快速热释光光电检测。

热探测器，例如辐射热，热电和热电设备，具有独特的能力，能够感应任何电磁频率的入射辐射。但是，实际设备的响应时间通常为毫秒级1-7。通过将等离子体激元表面与氮化铝热电薄膜集成在一起，我们展示了光谱选择性的，室温下的热电探测器，其光谱范围为660-2,000 nm，仪器限制了半最大值的1.7 ns全宽，上升时间为700 ps。由光吸收产生的热量通过亚波长吸收剂扩散到热电薄膜中，由于热电薄膜的温度相关自发极化，其产生的响应度高达0.18 V W-1。而且，有限元仿真显示，有可能在半最大值时达到25 ps的全宽度，而上升时间为6 ps，可与半导体光电二极管相媲美8。这种设计方法有可能实现大面积，廉价的千兆赫热释电探测器，用于从紫外到短波红外或更高波长的波长特定探测，例如用于高速高光谱成像。