Sleep is a basic need. Mounting evidence suggests this is particularly true during adolescence, a developmental period involving substantial changes in the brain regions supporting cognition, learning, and emotion. Although sleep loss is a normative psychosocially and biologically driven developmental process, it occurs alongside behaviors that characterize adolescence, including deepening cognitive sophistication, improved emotion regulation, and intensifying social cognition, calling into question how sleep may impact these developmental milestones. This review synthesizes growing research aimed at addressing this timely question. It presents evidence that neurodevelopmental changes in brain structure, function, and sleep physiology mechanistically link the relationship between sleep and cognitive ability.

中文翻译：

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青少年大脑对睡眠的需求

睡眠是基本需求。越来越多的证据表明，在青春期尤其如此，这是一个涉及支持认知、学习和情感的大脑区域发生重大变化的发展时期。尽管睡眠不足是一种规范的社会心理和生物学驱动的发育过程，但它与青春期特征的行为同时发生，包括加深认知复杂度、改善情绪调节和加强社会认知，从而引发了人们对睡眠如何影响这些发育里程碑的问题。这篇综述综合了越来越多的研究，旨在解决这个及时的问题。它提供的证据表明，大脑结构、功能和睡眠生理学的神经发育变化在机制上将睡眠与认知能力之间的关系联系起来。