Ever since its first proposal in 1976, Jackiw-Rebbi zero-mode has been drawing extensive attention for its charming properties including charge fractionalization, topologically protected zero-energy and possible non-Abelian statistics. We investigate these properties through the Jackiw-Rebbi zero-modes in quantum spin Hall insulators. Though charge fractionalization is not manifested, Jackiw-Rebbi zero-mode’s zero-energy nature leads to a double-frequency Aharonov-Bohm effect, implying that it can be viewed as a special case of Majorana zero-mode without particle-hole symmetry. Such relation is strengthened for Jackiw-Rebbi zero-modes also exhibiting non-Abelian properties in the absence of superconductivity. Furthermore, in the condition that the degeneracy of Jackiw-Rebbi zero-modes is lifted , we demonstrate a novel non-Abelian braiding with continuously tunable fusion rule, which is a generalization of Majorana zero-modes’ braiding properties.

中文翻译：

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Jackiw-Rebbi 零模的双频 Aharonov-Bohm 效应和非阿贝尔编织特性

自 1976 年首次提出以来，Jackiw-Rebbi 零模式因其迷人的特性而受到广泛关注，包括电荷分馏、拓扑保护的零能量和可能的非阿贝尔统计。我们通过量子自旋霍尔绝缘体中的 Jackiw-Rebbi 零模来研究这些特性。虽然没有表现出电荷分馏，但 Jackiw-Rebbi 零模的零能量性质导致了双频 Aharonov-Bohm 效应，这意味着它可以被视为没有粒子孔对称性的 Majorana 零模的特例。在没有超导性的情况下，Jackiw-Rebbi 零模也表现出非阿贝尔特性，这种关系得到了加强。此外，在解除 Jackiw-Rebbi 零模简并性的情况下，