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Biomimetic Accumulation of Methamphetamine and Its Metabolite Amphetamine by Diffusive Gradients in Thin Films to Estimate Their Bioavailability in Zebrafish
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00669 Xingxing Yin 1, 2 , Changsheng Guo 2 , Jiapei Lv 2 , Song Hou 2 , Yan Zhang 2 , Xiaowei Jin 3 , Yanguo Teng 1 , Jian Xu 1, 2
Environmental Science & Technology Letters ( IF 8.9 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-22 , DOI: 10.1021/acs.estlett.9b00669 Xingxing Yin 1, 2 , Changsheng Guo 2 , Jiapei Lv 2 , Song Hou 2 , Yan Zhang 2 , Xiaowei Jin 3 , Yanguo Teng 1 , Jian Xu 1, 2
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In this study, we evaluated the application of the diffusive gradient in the thin films (DGT) technique to predict the bioavailability of methamphetamine (METH) and its metabolite, amphetamine (AMP), in zebrafish (Danio rerio). We simultaneously exposed zebrafish and DGT devices to water spiked with different concentrations of METH. Subsequently, METH and its major metabolite, AMP, were quantified in DGTs and in zebrafish in vivo, the latter of which tended to bioaccumulate and biotransform METH to AMP. After a two-week duration of METH exposure, concentrations were up to 4.49 ± 0.17, 6.42 ± 0.06, and 132 ± 0.48 ng/g wet weight for METH and 4.25 ± 0.62, 8.46 ± 0.58, and 419 ± 45.0 ng/g wet weight for AMP in zebrafish when exposed to 0.01, 1.00, and 100.00 μg/L of METH solution, respectively. Although the in vivo bioaccumulation and biotransformation of METH in zebrafish are likely complex, we found a strong positive correlation (R2 = 0.97–1.00, p < 0.001) between the mass of METH uptake by the DGT and the METH concentrations in vivo in zebrafish. Similarly, there was also a significant correlation (R2 = 0.95, p < 0.001) between the AMP concentration in zebrafish and the mass of AMP uptake by the DGT at a METH exposure concentration of 1.00 μg/L. The correlation in the other two exposure concentrations was not strong, probably due to the fact that AMP accumulated in fish did not increase in a concentration-dependent manner. Taken together, these findings suggest that the DGT may act as a useful tool for estimating the bioavailability of METH and its metabolite, AMP, in aquatic organisms.
中文翻译：
薄膜中扩散梯度对甲基苯丙胺及其代谢物苯丙胺的仿生积累，以评估其在斑马鱼中的生物利用度
在这项研究中，我们评估了扩散梯度在薄膜（DGT）技术中的应用，以预测甲基苯丙胺（METH）及其代谢产物苯丙胺（AMP）在斑马鱼（Danio rerio）中的生物利用度。我们同时将斑马鱼和DGT设备暴露于加有不同浓度METH的水中。随后，在DGT和斑马鱼体内对METH及其主要代谢产物AMP进行了定量，后者倾向于生物积累并将METH生物转化为AMP。经过两周的METH暴露后，METH的浓度分别达到4.49±0.17、6.42±0.06和132±0.48 ng / g湿重，湿重为4.25±0.62、8.46±0.58和419±45.0 ng / g当分别暴露于0.01、1.00和100.00μg/ L的METH溶液中时，斑马鱼中AMP的重量。尽管斑马鱼体内METH的体内生物富集和生物转化可能很复杂，但我们发现DGT摄取的METH的质量与斑马鱼体内METH的浓度之间存在很强的正相关性（R 2 = 0.97–1.00，p <0.001）。。同样，也存在显着的相关性（R 2斑马鱼中的AMP浓度与1.00μg/ L的METH暴露量之间DGT吸收的AMP的质量之间的差= 0.95，p <0.001）。其他两个接触浓度之间的相关性不强，这可能是由于鱼中积累的AMP并未以浓度依赖性的方式增加。综上所述，这些发现表明DGT可以作为评估水生生物中METH及其代谢产物AMP的生物利用度的有用工具。
更新日期：2019-11-22
中文翻译：
薄膜中扩散梯度对甲基苯丙胺及其代谢物苯丙胺的仿生积累，以评估其在斑马鱼中的生物利用度
在这项研究中，我们评估了扩散梯度在薄膜（DGT）技术中的应用，以预测甲基苯丙胺（METH）及其代谢产物苯丙胺（AMP）在斑马鱼（Danio rerio）中的生物利用度。我们同时将斑马鱼和DGT设备暴露于加有不同浓度METH的水中。随后，在DGT和斑马鱼体内对METH及其主要代谢产物AMP进行了定量，后者倾向于生物积累并将METH生物转化为AMP。经过两周的METH暴露后，METH的浓度分别达到4.49±0.17、6.42±0.06和132±0.48 ng / g湿重，湿重为4.25±0.62、8.46±0.58和419±45.0 ng / g当分别暴露于0.01、1.00和100.00μg/ L的METH溶液中时，斑马鱼中AMP的重量。尽管斑马鱼体内METH的体内生物富集和生物转化可能很复杂，但我们发现DGT摄取的METH的质量与斑马鱼体内METH的浓度之间存在很强的正相关性（R 2 = 0.97–1.00，p <0.001）。。同样，也存在显着的相关性（R 2斑马鱼中的AMP浓度与1.00μg/ L的METH暴露量之间DGT吸收的AMP的质量之间的差= 0.95，p <0.001）。其他两个接触浓度之间的相关性不强，这可能是由于鱼中积累的AMP并未以浓度依赖性的方式增加。综上所述，这些发现表明DGT可以作为评估水生生物中METH及其代谢产物AMP的生物利用度的有用工具。
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