Processivity in Bacterial Glycosyltransferases.,ACS Chemical Biology

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Processivity in Bacterial Glycosyltransferases.
ACS Chemical Biology ( IF 3.5 ) Pub Date : 2019-12-11 , DOI: 10.1021/acschembio.9b00619
Liubov Yakovlieva ₁ , Marthe T C Walvoort ₁

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Extracellular polysaccharides and glycoproteins of pathogenic bacteria assist in adherence, autoaggregation, biofilm formation, and host immune system evasion. As a result, considerable research in the field of glycobiology is dedicated to study the composition and function of glycans associated with virulence, as well as the enzymes involved in their biosynthesis with the aim to identify novel antibiotic targets. Especially, insights into the enzyme mechanism, substrate binding, and transition-state structures are valuable as a starting point for rational inhibitor design. An intriguing aspect of enzymes that generate or process polysaccharides and glycoproteins is the level of processivity. The existence of enzymatic processivity reflects the need for regulation of the final glycan/glycoprotein length and structure, depending on the role they perform. In this Review, we describe the currently reported examples of various processive enzymes involved in polymerization and transfer of sugar moieties, predominantly in bacterial pathogens, with a focus on the biochemical methods, to showcase the importance of studying processivity for understanding the mechanism.

中文翻译：

细菌糖基转移酶的合成能力。

病原菌的细胞外多糖和糖蛋白有助于粘附，自动聚集，生物膜形成和宿主免疫系统逃逸。结果，糖生物学领域的大量研究致力于研究与毒性相关的聚糖的组成和功能，以及参与其生物合成的酶，以鉴定新的抗生素靶标。尤其是，对酶机制，底物结合和过渡态结构的深入了解对于合理设计抑制剂是有价值的。产生或加工多糖和糖蛋白的酶的一个有趣的方面是加工能力的水平。酶促合成能力的存在反映了需要调节最终聚糖/糖蛋白的长度和结构，取决于他们扮演的角色。在这篇综述中，我们描述了目前报道的各种过程性酶的实例，这些过程性酶主要涉及细菌病原体，参与糖部分的聚合和转移，并着重于生化方法，以展示研究过程性对理解机理的重要性。

更新日期：2019-12-11

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