The effectiveness of recreational fisheries governance has been mixed, with some countries boasting good governance practices that sustain productive recreational fisheries, while others lack any policies and governance structures specific to recreational fisheries. Here, we identify what constitutes effective governance of recreational fisheries by carrying out: (a) a desktop review of 227 country‐specific fisheries legislation, policies and strategies; and (b) a follow‐up questionnaire‐based survey covering 57 contacts in 29 selected countries. Our results show that while recreational fishing is referred to in the main legislation of 67% of the countries reviewed, only 86 of these 152 countries provide a definition for either “recreational” or “sport” fishing and not always in the main legislation. Recreational fisheries are not considered to be effectively managed in many countries, with less than a quarter of respondents claiming that management in their country is effective. Furthermore, the management efficacy, including compliance with regulations, was considered greater for the industrial and small‐scale fishing sectors than for recreational fisheries in most countries. From our findings, it appears that effective recreational fisheries governance requires explicit acknowledgement of recreational fisheries with a clear legal definition in Policy, a well‐developed Policy statement, extensive co‐management processes, clearly defined biological, economic and social monitoring structures and efficient and transparent cost recovery mechanisms. To ensure adaptation to rapidly changing conditions, policy should recognize all fishery sectors and proactively incorporate adaptive planning and contingency plans to effectively secure the diverse values of resources for all users.

中文翻译：

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什么构成休闲渔业的有效治理？

休闲渔业治理的效果好坏参半，有些国家吹嘘维持生产性休闲渔业的良好治理做法，而另一些国家则缺乏针对休闲渔业的任何政策和治理结构。在这里，我们通过开展以下工作来确定什么是休闲渔业的有效治理：（a）对227项针对特定国家的渔业立法，政策和策略进行桌面审查；（b）基于问卷调查的后续调查，涵盖了29个选定国家/地区的57位联系人。我们的结果表明，虽然在主要立法中提到休闲捕鱼的国家为67％，但在这152个国家中，只有86个国家为“休闲性”或“运动”捕鱼提供了定义，而在主要立法中并不总是如此。在许多国家，休闲渔业没有得到有效管理，只有不到四分之一的受访者声称其国家的管理是有效的。此外，在大多数国家，工业和小规模渔业部门的管理效力，包括遵守法规，被认为比休闲渔业更好。从我们的调查结果来看，有效的休闲渔业治理似乎需要明确承认休闲渔业，并在政策中有明确的法律定义，完善的政策声明，广泛的共同管理流程，明确定义的生物，经济和社会监督结构以及高效且透明的成本回收机制。为了确保适应迅速变化的条件，