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Triple-pulse LIBS: laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy signal enhancement by combination of pre-ablation and re-heating laser pulses
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-21 , DOI: 10.1039/c9ja00323a David Prochazka 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Pavel Pořízka 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 , Jan Novotný 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Aleš Hrdlička 4, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Karel Novotný 4, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Petr Šperka 3, 4, 5, 11 , Jozef Kaiser 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
Journal of Analytical Atomic Spectrometry ( IF 3.1 ) Pub Date : 2019-11-21 , DOI: 10.1039/c9ja00323a David Prochazka 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Pavel Pořízka 1, 2, 3, 4, 6 , Jan Novotný 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 , Aleš Hrdlička 4, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Karel Novotný 4, 7, 8, 9, 10 , Petr Šperka 3, 4, 5, 11 , Jozef Kaiser 1, 2, 3, 4, 5
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The goal of this work is to examine the effect of a third additional laser pulse on orthogonal double-pulse laser-induced breakdown spectroscopy (DP LIBS). Namely, a pre-ablation laser pulse and re-heating laser pulse were combined into triple-pulse LIBS (3P LIBS) to achieve plasma emission enhancement. The experiment was designed with emphasis on causing minimal sample damage by utilizing nanosecond laser pulses. It means that the energy of ablation laser pulses was set to the minimal value for which the intensities of selected spectral lines were above the limits of detection. This energy as well as the energies of the pre-ablation and the re-heating laser pulses were kept constant for all experimental arrangements. The interpulse delays for both DP LIBS and for 3P LIBS configurations were optimized for signal enhancements. The 3P LIBS results showed up to 5-fold improvement of the signal to background ratio compared with both DP LIBS arrangements and up to 228-fold improvement in comparison to conventional SP LIBS. In addition, it has been shown that the spectral lines with a higher value of excitation energy prove higher enhancement in both DP LIBS and 3P LIBS configurations. To explain this effect, the dimensions of ablation craters were measured for each configuration using a 3D optical microscope and the temperature was determined from the slope of the Boltzmann plot. It was shown that the pre-ablation causes an increase of ablation crater dimensions and the re-heating increases the plasma temperature.
中文翻译：
三脉冲LIBS：通过预烧蚀和重新加热激光脉冲来增强激光诱导的击穿光谱信号
这项工作的目的是要检查第三个附加激光脉冲对正交双脉冲激光诱导击穿光谱（DP LIBS）的影响。即，将预烧蚀激光脉冲和再加热激光脉冲组合成三脉冲LIBS（3P LIBS）以实现等离子体发射增强。设计该实验的重点是利用纳秒激光脉冲对样品造成的损害最小。这意味着将消融激光脉冲的能量设置为最小值，对于该最小值，所选光谱线的强度高于检测极限。对于所有实验布置，该能量以及预烧蚀和再加热激光脉冲的能量保持恒定。DP LIBS和3P LIBS配置的脉冲间延迟均经过优化，以增强信号。3P LIBS结果显示，与DP LIBS相比，信噪比提高了5倍，与常规SP LIBS相比，提高了228倍。另外，已经显示出，具有较高激发能量值的谱线在DP LIBS和3P LIBS配置中都被证明具有更高的增强。为了解释这种影响，使用3D光学显微镜对每种配置测量了烧蚀坑的尺寸，并根据Boltzmann曲线的斜率确定了温度。结果表明，预烧蚀导致烧蚀坑口尺寸的增加，而再加热则使等离子体温度升高。
更新日期：2019-11-21
中文翻译：
三脉冲LIBS：通过预烧蚀和重新加热激光脉冲来增强激光诱导的击穿光谱信号
这项工作的目的是要检查第三个附加激光脉冲对正交双脉冲激光诱导击穿光谱（DP LIBS）的影响。即，将预烧蚀激光脉冲和再加热激光脉冲组合成三脉冲LIBS（3P LIBS）以实现等离子体发射增强。设计该实验的重点是利用纳秒激光脉冲对样品造成的损害最小。这意味着将消融激光脉冲的能量设置为最小值，对于该最小值，所选光谱线的强度高于检测极限。对于所有实验布置，该能量以及预烧蚀和再加热激光脉冲的能量保持恒定。DP LIBS和3P LIBS配置的脉冲间延迟均经过优化，以增强信号。3P LIBS结果显示，与DP LIBS相比，信噪比提高了5倍，与常规SP LIBS相比，提高了228倍。另外，已经显示出，具有较高激发能量值的谱线在DP LIBS和3P LIBS配置中都被证明具有更高的增强。为了解释这种影响，使用3D光学显微镜对每种配置测量了烧蚀坑的尺寸，并根据Boltzmann曲线的斜率确定了温度。结果表明，预烧蚀导致烧蚀坑口尺寸的增加，而再加热则使等离子体温度升高。
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