Immunotherapy has emerged at the forefront of cancer therapy; however, patient survival remains low for many cancer types. In consideration of this, non-T cell immune populations, such as innate immune cells, have been identified as potential immunotherapeutic targets. In noncancerous settings, neutrophils are first responders to injury and infection, and work in a partnership with macrophages to regulate inflammation. However, the diversity of tumor-associated neutrophils (TANs) remains elusive. Furthermore, it is likely that TANs and tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) act in tandem within tumors and contribute both contrasting and synergistic roles in tumor progression. In this Opinion, we discuss the complexity of TAN and TAM functions, the interplay between TANs and TAMs, and major considerations required for implementing TAN/TAM-based therapies.

免疫疗法已出现在癌症治疗的最前沿。但是，许多癌症类型的患者存活率仍然很低。考虑到这一点，已经将非T细胞免疫群体，例如先天免疫细胞，鉴定为潜在的免疫治疗靶标。在非癌性环境中，中性粒细胞是损伤和感染的第一反应者，并与巨噬细胞共同调节炎症。但是，肿瘤相关中性粒细胞（TANs）的多样性仍然难以捉摸。此外，TAN和肿瘤相关的巨噬细胞（TAM）可能在肿瘤内串联发挥作用，并在肿瘤进展中起着相反和协同的作用。在本意见中，我们讨论了TAN和TAM功能的复杂性，TAN和TAM之间的相互作用，