The immunoassay technology is of particular importance for both the environmental industry and clinical analysis. Biosensors, with the sensing layer based on antibodies or their fragments, offer high selectivity and short detection times. However, analytical devices where the electrochemical signal corresponds to changes in the interfacial region (sensing layer/electrode surface) are very susceptible to any nonspecific adsorption. Unfortunately, proteins (including antibodies) belong to the molecules showing high non-specific interactions with solid substrates. Herein, we propose diethyldithiocarbamate as a new antifouling and highly conductive agent. The investigations were conducted to evaluate its interaction with chosen proteins and the mechanism of its co-adsorption with biotinylated thiol (an anchor point for immune-sensing elements). The developed receptor layer is characterised by reduced nonspecific protein adsorption and high conductivity with the same preserved specificity of the antibodies (immobilised by the streptavidin/biotin bioaffinity technique). This allowed for selective detection of the diphtheria toxoid, an inactive toxin secreted by virulent strains of Corynebacterium diphtheria, at the level of 5 ⋅ 10-6 μg⋅ml-1 (1 ⋅ 10-6 Lf⋅ml-1) and in the real-life sample.

中文翻译：

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通过在白喉类毒素电化学免疫传感器的受体层中使用二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯来减少非特异性蛋白质的吸附。

免疫测定技术对于环境行业和临床分析都特别重要。具有基于抗体或其片段的传感层的生物传感器具有很高的选择性和较短的检测时间。但是，电化学信号对应于界面区域（传感层/电极表面）变化的分析设备非常容易受到任何非特异性吸附的影响。不幸的是，蛋白质（包括抗体）属于与固体底物表现出高度非特异性相互作用的分子。在此，我们提出二乙基二硫代氨基甲酸酯作为新型防污和高导电剂。进行了研究以评估其与所选蛋白质的相互作用以及其与生物素化硫醇（免疫传感元件的锚定点）的共吸附机制。发达的受体层的特点是非特异性蛋白质吸附减少，导电性高，同时保留了相同的抗体特异性（通过链霉亲和素/生物素生物亲和技术固定）。这样就可以选择性检测白喉类毒素，这是一种由白喉棒状杆菌的强毒株分泌的无活性毒素，其水平为5⋅10-6μg⋅ml-1（1⋅10-6Lf⋅ml-1）。现实生活中的样本。