Additive manufacturing, also known as 3D printing, has quickly become a widely used tool for rapid prototyping of complex parts. Most of the common filaments for the fused filament fabrication form of 3D printing are inherently flammable thermoplastics, which has led to numerous fires that pose a serious danger to lives and property. In an effort to improve the safety of these filaments, a unique composite of polylactic acid (PLA) and a flame-retardant polyelectrolyte complex, consisting of polyvinylamine and poly(sodium phosphate), was developed. This composite filament can be printed using an ordinary 3D printer under identical conditions to neat PLA. The filament and its printed parts are self-extinguishing in an open flame test and exhibit a 42% lower peak heat release rate, as measured by microscale combustion calorimetry. This unique filament concept solves a major safety problem for 3D printing and could be extended to other commonly used polymer filaments.

中文翻译：

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聚乳酸和聚电解质复合物的独特组合可自熄的增材制造丝

增材制造（也称为3D打印）已迅速成为用于快速制作复杂零件原型的广泛使用的工具。用于3D打印的熔融长丝制造形式的大多数常见长丝都是固有的易燃热塑性塑料，这导致了许多火灾，严重威胁生命和财产安全。为了提高这些细丝的安全性，开发了一种独特的聚乳酸（PLA）和由聚乙烯胺和聚磷酸钠组成的阻燃性聚电解质复合物的复合材料。可以使用普通3D打印机在与纯PLA相同的条件下打印此复合丝。细丝及其印刷部件在明火测试中会自行熄灭，并且通过微型燃烧量热法测得的峰值放热率降低了42％。