MIR159/319 have conserved evolution and diversified function after WGT in Brassica campestris, both of them can lead pollen vitality and germination abnormality, Bra-MIR319c also can function in flower development. MiR159 and miR319 are extensively studied highly conserved microRNAs which play roles in vegetative development, reproduction, and hormone regulation. In this study, the effects of whole-genome triplication (WGT) on the evolution of the MIR159/319 family and the functional diversification of the genes were comprehensively investigated in Brassica campestris. We identified 11 MIR159/319 genes in B. campestris, which produced five mature sequences. After analyzing the precursor sequences and phylogenetic tree, we found that Bra-MIR159/319 have evolutionary conservatism. Furthermore, Bra-MIR159/319 show functional diversification after WGT, as indicated by their expression patterns and the cis-element in their promoter. GUS signal showed that Bra-MIR159a and Bra-MIR319c can be expressed in anther but in different development stages. In B. campestris, overexpressed MIR159a and MIR319c contribute to late anther development and promote pollen abortion. Moreover, Bra-MIR319c can partially assume the function of MIR319a in flower development.

中文翻译：

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油菜 MIR159/319 基因的进化及其在花粉发育中的功能。

MIR159/319在白菜WGT后具有保守进化和多样化功能，均能导致花粉活力和萌发异常，Bra-MIR319c也能在花发育中发挥作用。MiR159 和 miR319 是广泛研究的高度保守的 microRNA，它们在营养发育、繁殖和激素调节中发挥作用。本研究全面研究了全基因组三倍体（WGT）对芸苔属植物MIR159/319家族进化和基因功能多样化的影响。我们在 B. campestris 中鉴定了 11 个 MIR159/319 基因，产生了五个成熟序列。在分析了前体序列和系统发育树后，我们发现Bra-MIR159/319具有进化保守性。此外，Bra-MIR159/319 在 WGT 后表现出功能多样化，如它们的表达模式和启动子中的顺式元件所示。GUS信号显示Bra-MIR159a和Bra-MIR319c可以在花药中表达，但在不同的发育阶段。在 B. campestris 中，过表达的 MIR159a 和 MIR319c 有助于后期花药发育并促进花粉败育。此外，Bra-MIR319c可以部分承担MIR319a在花发育中的功能。