BACKGROUND Increasingly, children are at risk of developing eating disorders. A systematic review and a meta-analysis were conducted to examine the effectiveness of universal eating disorder prevention interventions in improving body image, internalization of appearance ideals, and self-esteem among children aged 5-17 years old. METHODS Nine electronic databases were systematically searched from each database's point of inception to March 2019. The Cochrane Risk of Bias tool assessed each study's risk of bias, while the GRADE approach judged the overall evidence for each review outcome. A meta-analysis was conducted using the random-effect model to obtain standardized mean differences with 95% confidence intervals under the inverse variance method. Heterogeneity was assessed using I2 statistic and Cochran's Q chi-squared test. Publication bias was assessed using funnel plots. RESULTS A total of 24 studies (22 trials) were included in this review. Universal interventions were found to be effective in improving children's body esteem, self-esteem, and internalization of appearance ideals at postintervention and at follow-up timepoints. Subgroup analyses found that girls benefited more from these interventions than boys. Multisessional interventions with an optimal duration of approximately one month were found to be more effective. CONCLUSIONS The findings encourage the incorporation of universal preventive interventions into school curricula to benefit most children. Laypeople such as teachers can deliver these interventions, but content experts should address topics on body dissatisfaction. Due to the low quality of evidence, as accorded by the GRADE approach, current findings should be validated by future research.

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研究综述：普遍饮食失调预防干预措施在改善儿童身体形象方面的有效性：系统综述和荟萃分析。

背景越来越多地，儿童处于发生饮食失调的风险中。进行了系统评价和荟萃分析，以检查普遍饮食失调预防干预措施在改善 5-17 岁儿童的身体形象、外貌理想内化和自尊方面的有效性。方法 从每个数据库的成立时间到 2019 年 3 月，对 9 个电子数据库进行了系统搜索。 Cochrane 偏倚风险工具评估了每项研究的偏倚风险，而 GRADE 方法判断了每个评价结果的总体证据。使用随机效应模型进行荟萃分析，以在逆方差法下获得具有 95% 置信区间的标准化平均差异。使用 I2 统计量和 Cochran's Q 卡方检验评估异质性。使用漏斗图评估发表偏倚。结果 本评价共纳入 24 项研究（22 项试验）。在干预后和随访时间点，普遍干预被发现在改善儿童的身体自尊、自尊和外貌理想的内化方面是有效的。亚组分析发现，与男孩相比，女孩从这些干预措施中获益更多。发现最佳持续时间约为 1 个月的多期干预更有效。结论 调查结果鼓励将普遍的预防干预措施纳入学校课程，以使大多数儿童受益。教师等非专业人士可以提供这些干预措施，但内容专家应该解决关于身体不满的话题。由于证据质量低，根据 GRADE 方法，