Metal-organic framework (MOF), which is composed of metal ions and bridged organic ligands, are one of the most high-profile materials currently, because their regular and tunable pore structures confer unique properties. In particular, MOF materials have attracted widespread attention in the field of membrane separation, wherein water-stable MOF membranes stand out especially in the field of wastewater treatment and water regeneration. This review critically summarizes the various design and synthesis strategies of bare MOF membranes and MOF composite membranes. The formation and function of the structural defects in MOF play important roles in the performance of MOF-based membrane. Different characterization techniques are discussed systematically, and the applications of MOF membranes in membrane filtration, membrane distillation, and membrane pervaporation are described. In order to uncover the full potential of MOF-based membranes in wastewater treatment and water regeneration, current challenges are detailed and future research directions proposed.

由金属离子和桥接的有机配体组成的金属有机骨架（MOF）是目前最引人注目的材料之一，因为它们规则且可调节的孔结构赋予其独特的性能。特别是，MOF材料在膜分离领域引起了广泛的关注，其中水稳固的MOF膜尤其在废水处理和水再生领域脱颖而出。这篇评论批判性地总结了裸MOF膜和MOF复合膜的各种设计和合成策略。MOF中结构缺陷的形成和功能在基于MOF的膜的性能中起着重要作用。系统地讨论了不同的表征技术，以及MOF膜在膜过滤，膜蒸馏，描述了膜和膜的全蒸发。为了揭示基于MOF的膜在废水处理和水再生中的全部潜力，详细介绍了当前面临的挑战，并提出了未来的研究方向。