Background

Gaseous/volatile active compounds are effective tools for pre-harvest and postharvest management/preservation of fresh produce, e.g., 1-methylcyclopropene (1-MCP) and ethylene for regulating ripening, and chlorine dioxide (ClO₂) and sulfur dioxide (SO₂) for inhibiting microbial growth. Various approaches for their stabilization and controlled release have been developed to improve the safety and maintain the quality of fresh produce.

Scope and approach

This paper reviews and categorizes the approaches to stabilize and control the release of selected active compounds, including 1-MCP, ClO₂, ethylene, SO₂, and essential oils. Knowledge and research gaps are also discussed. Examples of some commercially available systems are used to demonstrate how to stabilize and achieve controlled release for different applications and purposes.

Key findings and conclusion

Various methods can be used to develop formulations/compositions in different forms to achieve stabilization and controlled release. Since moisture/water is often used to initiate the release, most methods focus on controlling water penetration into the formulation/composition. Among various forms of application, fumigation in storage rooms is the most commonly applied. There is also a growing interest to develop controlled release packaging systems. More efforts are needed to understand the physical and chemical interactions between the active compounds and the formulation/composition to predict the retention and release kinetics of the active compounds. Researchers should also be mindful of the regulatory limitations of these compounds to ensure the practicality of the research data.

中文翻译：

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稳定和控制释放气态/挥发性活性化合物，以提高新鲜农产品的安全性和质量

背景

气态/挥发性活性化合物是用于收获前和收获后管理/保存新鲜农产品的有效工具，例如用于调节成熟的1-甲基环丙烯（1-MCP）和乙烯，二氧化氯（ClO ₂）和二氧化硫（SO _2）），以抑制微生物的生长。已经开发了用于稳定和控制释放的各种方法，以提高安全性并保持新鲜农产品的质量。

范围和方法

本文对稳定和控制选定的活性化合物（包括1-MCP，ClO ₂，乙烯，SO ₂和精油）释放的方法进行了分类。还讨论了知识和研究方面的差距。一些市售系统的示例用于说明如何针对不同的应用和目的稳定和实现控释。

主要发现和结论

可以使用各种方法来开发不同形式的制剂/组合物，以实现稳定化和控释。由于通常使用水分/水来引发释放，因此大多数方法都集中在控制水渗透到制剂/组合物中的过程中。在各种形式的应用中，最常见的是在储藏室进行熏蒸。开发控制释放包装系统的兴趣也越来越高。需要更多的努力来了解活性化合物与制剂/组合物之间的物理和化学相互作用，以预测活性化合物的保留和释放动力学。研究人员还应注意这些化合物的监管局限性，以确保研究数据的实用性。